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Waltman, R. J.; Khurshudov, Andrei; Tyndall, George W.

doi:10.1023/a:1014707207255

Cited by 67 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The flying slider impacts the dewetted droplets, leading to fluctuation of the magnetic spacing, effectively decreasing the operating margin between smooth and unstable flying. The film thickness at which dewetting takes place is decreased by the phosphazine additive X-1P [82]. Dewetting of Zdol films in the unstable and upper stable region of film thickness was nicely characterized by Kim et al [83].…”

Section: Dewetttingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spreading and dewetting in nanoscale lubrication

Karis

Kim

2005

Tribol Lett

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This article critically reviews the fundamental scientific tools, as well as constructs cohesive schemes for potential applications, relevant to the molecularly-thin liquid film technology. Our focus is to understand the nanoscale dynamic behavior of thin lubricant films, relevant to the emerging field of nanotechnology, especially for achieving durability and reliability in the nanoscale devices. Our goal is to present a unified and hybrid description of perfluoropolyether (PFPE) experiment, mesoscopic interpretation, microscopic simulation tools, and molecular design tools available up to now. The experimentation and theory for the physicochemical properties of ultra-thin PFPE films are used to examine liquid film in the sub-monolayer to multilayer regime. Methods for extracting spreading properties from the scanning microellipsometry (SME) for various PFPE/solid surface pairs and the surface rheological characterization of PFPEs are examined. The interrelationships among SME spreading profiles, rheology, surface energy, and tribology, are given. Mesoscopic theories, including thermodynamics of evaporation and flow, stability analysis, microscale mass transfer, and capillary waves are introduced to describe thin PFPE film dynamics. Estimation of thin film viscosity enhancement from vapor pressure suppression by dispersion force is reviewed. The method for experimental derivation of lubricant spreading profiles from contact angles is summarized. The implications of capillary waves, or thermal fluctuations, at the surface of polymeric lubricant films are also discussed. The lattice-based, simple reactive sphere Monte Carlo (MC) technique for examining the fundamentals of PFPE dynamics is illustrated. An off-lattice based bead-spring MC model is also introduced to capture a detailed internal structure of the PFPE molecules, and the molecular dynamics method is implemented for a full-scale nanostructural analysis of PFPE ultra-thin films. By systematically tuning the endgroup strengths of PFPE, we examined the physicochemical properties for thin liquid films of the various PFPE/solid surface pairings. These tools accurately describe the static and dynamic behavior of ultra-thin liquid films consistent with experimental findings and thus are suitable for examining the fundamental mechanisms of lubrication in nanoscale devices. Application of the next generation head-disk interface design in information storage device is briefly considered.

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Section: Dewetttingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spreading and dewetting in nanoscale lubrication

Karis

Kim

2005

Tribol Lett

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“…The relationship between the evaporation energy of Zdol and molecular weight is also from thermal gravimetric measurements [19]. The monolayer thickness of Zdol on DLC was shown vary fairly Tribol Lett (2008) 32:215-220 217 linearly with molecular weight as follows: t m (Ǻ ) & 7.7 M n (kDa) [6]. Figure 1 shows the Zdol film thickness ratio on homogeneous single crystalline graphite calculated with the BET Eq.…”

Section: Lubricant Film Thickness and Formation Timementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The desorption energy of lubricant Zdol from the surface of single crystalline graphite is from reference [13]. The disjoining pressure of Zdol on DLC is from reference [6,15,16]. The surface concentrations of lubricant film and liquid lubricant are assumed identical.…”

Section: Lubricant Film Thickness and Formation Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher vapor pressure is required at higher temperature and for higher molecular weight Zdol. It is critical to keep the lubricant film thinner than one monolayer to avoid dewetting [6,7].…”

Section: Lubricant Film Thickness and Formation Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a too thick lubricant film is also disastrous. For example, dwetting occurs when the thickness of Zdol, a widely used lubricant in hard disk drive, exceeds a critical thickness on disk surface [6,7], which can cause disk drive failure. The lubricant film cannot protect disk surface effectively if it takes too long a time to form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Theoretical Study of Vapor Lubrication for Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording

Liu

2008

Tribol Lett

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Heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is a promising technique to overcome the superparamagnetic limit to further increase the areal recording density of hard disk drives. However, HAMR brings about serious problems to the slider-disk interface, such as lubricant depletion on disk surface caused by laser heating. It is proposed to overcome the lubricant depletion problem by using vapor lubrication. The lubricant film formation process on disk surface in vapor lubrication is studied theoretically based on fundamental adsorption and desorption theories. The controlling parameters of lubricant film thickness and film formation time are identified. It is found that the lubricant film thickness is controlled mainly by lubricant vapor pressure and molecular weight. The film formation time can be shortened by using low molecular weight lubricant and high temperature lubricant vapor.

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Metal Atom Desorption from Organofluorine Surfaces: What Factors Govern Desorption?

Tsujioka

Kusaka

2022

Adv Materials Inter

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Metal pattern formation using vacuum evaporation is an essential technology in various fields such as electronics, photonics, and industrial mass production. An application of selective metal deposition, in which a metal pattern can be prepared by maskless vacuum evaporation, based on the phenomenon of metal atom desorption from the organic surface, is expected as a promising method. However, the surface physical properties that govern the desorption of metals have not been fully clarified. In this study, the metal desorption phenomenon in various organofluorine films with a low surface energy is investigated in detail, and the factors governing the desorption are clarified. It is revealed that metal desorption requires not a low total surface energy but rather the London dispersion component of surface energy as small as 20 mJ m−2, and, moreover, that the surface should have fluidity or high molecular mobility. As typical materials having such physical properties, commercially available mold release agents show efficient desorption with respect to many metals having a low intrinsic vapor pressure such as Au, Ag, Cr, and In. Furthermore, 3D integrated deposition is performed as a demonstration of efficient metal desorption. This highly efficient metal desorption phenomenon is applicable to various fields including electronics.

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Untitled

Cited by 67 publications

References 7 publications

Spreading and dewetting in nanoscale lubrication

Spreading and dewetting in nanoscale lubrication

A Theoretical Study of Vapor Lubrication for Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording

Metal Atom Desorption from Organofluorine Surfaces: What Factors Govern Desorption?

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