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Malomuzh, A. I.; Mukhtarov, Marat; Urazaev, A. Kh.; Никольский, Е. Е.; Vyskochil, F.

doi:10.1023/a:1020497308865

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…The presence of glutamate receptors on muscle fibers is known and has been researched 43 , 44 . Multiple mechanisms have been proposed regarding the function of glutamate receptors in muscle tissue, but none of which correspond to direct action potential generation 45 – 50 . Actually, a similar response was recorded from another intrafusal fiber in a muscle-only culture by adding media instead of glutamate (data not shown), indicating the addition event itself could non-specifically induce muscle excitation, although very rarely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional analysis of human intrafusal fiber innervation by human γ-motoneurons

Colon

Guo

Akanda

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Investigation of neuromuscular deficits and diseases such as SMA, as well as for next generation prosthetics, utilizing in vitro phenotypic models would benefit from the development of a functional neuromuscular reflex arc. The neuromuscular reflex arc is the system that integrates the proprioceptive information for muscle length and activity (sensory afferent), to modify motoneuron output to achieve graded muscle contraction (actuation efferent). The sensory portion of the arc is composed of proprioceptive sensory neurons and the muscle spindle, which is embedded in the muscle tissue and composed of intrafusal fibers. The gamma motoneurons (γ-MNs) that innervate these fibers regulate the intrafusal fiber’s stretch so that they retain proper tension and sensitivity during muscle contraction or relaxation. This mechanism is in place to maintain the sensitivity of proprioception during dynamic muscle activity and to prevent muscular damage. In this study, a co-culture system was developed for innervation of intrafusal fibers by human γ-MNs and demonstrated by morphological and immunocytochemical analysis, then validated by functional electrophysiological evaluation. This human-based fusimotor model and its incorporation into the reflex arc allows for a more accurate recapitulation of neuromuscular function for applications in disease investigations, drug discovery, prosthetic design and neuropathic pain investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional analysis of human intrafusal fiber innervation by human γ-motoneurons

Colon

Guo

Akanda

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Bimodal effects of MK-801 on locomotion and stereotypy in C57BL/6 mice

Zou

Strong

et al. 2004

Psychopharmacology

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Intraganglionic laminar endings and their relationships with neuronal and glial structures of myenteric ganglia in the esophagus of rat and mouse

Raab

Neuhuber

2000

Histochem Cell Biol

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Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent the only vagal mechanosensory terminals in the tunica muscularis of the esophagus and may be involved in local reflex control. We recently detected extensive though not complete colocalization of the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) with markers for IGLEs. To elucidate this colocalization mismatch, this study aimed at identifying markers for nitrergic, cholinergic, peptidergic, and adrenergic neurons and glial cells, which may colocalize with VGLUT2 outside of IGLEs. Confocal imaging revealed, besides substantial colocalization of VGLUT2 and substance P (SP), no other significant colocalizations of VGLUT2 and immunoreactivity for any of these markers within the same varicosities. However, we found close contacts of VGLUT2-positive structures to vesicular acetylcholine transporter, choline acetyltransferase, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, galanin, neuropeptide Y, and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunoreactive cell bodies and varicosities, as well as to glial cells. Neuronal perikarya were never positive for VGLUT2. Thus, VGLUT2 was almost exclusively found in IGLEs and may serve as a specific marker for them. In addition, many IGLEs also contained SP. The close contacts established by IGLEs to myenteric cell bodies, dendrites, and varicose fibers suggest that IGLEs modulate various types of enteric neurons and vice versa.

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Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Functional analysis of human intrafusal fiber innervation by human γ-motoneurons

Functional analysis of human intrafusal fiber innervation by human γ-motoneurons

Bimodal effects of MK-801 on locomotion and stereotypy in C57BL/6 mice

Intraganglionic laminar endings and their relationships with neuronal and glial structures of myenteric ganglia in the esophagus of rat and mouse

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