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Abstract

Diesel oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with an average carbon number of C8-C26. The majority of components consist of alkanes, both straight chained and branched and aromatic compounds including mono-, di-and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Regardless of this complexity, diesel oil can be readily degraded by a number of soil microorganisms making it a likely candidate for bioremediation.The concept of using plants to enhance bioremediation, termed phytoremediation, is a relatively new area of scientific interest. It is particularly applicable to diesel oil contamination as diesel oil generally contaminates the top few metres of soil (surface soil) and contamination is not uniform throughout the site. By encouraging plants to grown on diesel oil contaminated soil, conditions are improved for the microbial degradation of the contaminant.During this study, establishing plants on diesel oil contaminated soil proved difficult. Diesel oil is phytotoxic to plants at relatively low concentrations. At concentrations below this phytotoxic level, the development of plants grown in diesel oil contaminated soil differs greatly from plants grown in uncontaminated soil. Tolerance of plants to diesel oil and ability to germinate in diesel oil contaminated soil varied greatly between plant species as well as within plant species. The broadest differences in germination were seen within the grasses with certain species thriving in low levels of contamination (e.g. Creeping bent) while others were intolerant of diesel oil contamination (e.g.Rough meadow grass). The herbs, legumes and commercial crops screened appeared to be largely unaffected by low levels of diesel oil contamination (25g diesel kg -1 ). At the higher level of contamination (50g diesel kg -1 ), half of the twenty two plant species screened failed reach a germination rate equal to 50% of the control rate. Two species of grass failed to germinate at all at this contamination level. Plant species that successfully germinated and grew were studied further to determine the effect of diesel oil contamination on the later stages of plant development. This work investigates the effect of diesel oil on plant growth and development.

Реакція Сільськогосподарських Рослин На Забруднення Ґрунту Нафтою

“…У разі дози нафтового забруднення 5 мл/кг спостерігається стимуляція: процент схожості та біометричні характеристики перевищують контроль в усіх дослідних варіантах. Отримані результати збігаються з даними інших дослідників [1,19,20].…”

Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs): A Perspective

“…Phytodegradation is also called as Phyto transformation which involves degradation of organic contaminants to simple molecules or the incorporation of these molecules into plant tissues [74,75]. Adam & Duncan [76] reported the use of various grasses and leguminous plants having ability to phytodegrade the organic compounds. It has been reported that the tall fescue grass (Festuca arundinacea) and switch grass (Panicum virgatum) have the ability to degrade 38% of Pyrene in 190 days [77].…”

The suitability of potworms (<i>Enchytraeidae</i>) and plants to test the toxicity of oil refinery sludge

“…Die koolwaterstowwe in olie beïnvloed grondvrugbaarheid en verander die samestelling van mikroörganismes in die grond wat weer plante se fisiologie en groei affekteer (Ogbo 2009). Alhoewel plante groter verdraagsaamheid het as invertebrate en mikrobes teen olie en koolwaterstowwe (Blankenship & Larson 1978;Dorn et al 1998;Adam & Duncan 1999;Adam & Duncan 2002) word hulle wel geaffekteer en kan steeds as bioindikatore dien van die kwaliteit van besoedelde grond en die vlak van remediёring. Veral verandering in ontkieming en groei bied nuttige indikatore van fisiologiese effekte, volgens Ogbo (2009).…”

“…Die volgende plante is in die studie gebruik: Boontjie (Phaseolus vulgaris), 'n dikotiele peulgewas soos voorgestel deur Eriyamremu et al (2007), mielies (Zea mays) as verteenwoordiger van 'n snelgroeiende monokotiel met 'n bywortelstelsel wat nie diep in die grond indring nie, slaai (Lactuca sativa) waarvan die blare 'n hoё waterinhoud het en waarvan die meganisme van wateropname van die ander soorte verskil, radys (Raphanus sativus) wat 'n groot, ondergrondse stoororgaan het en relatief min bogrondse groei (Perez & Gallardolara 1986), gras (Pennisetum clandestinum) wat 'n digte wortelstelsel het en beskou word as 'n goeie absorbeerder van toksikante (Adam & Duncan 1999).…”