The authors studied the extent of chronic diseses and of pathological conditions in the working people in on district of the Leningrad region using the data of prophylactic examination. The analysis showed that practically all people (90.4 % of the examined people) had chronic diseases: 26.3 % of the people had one pathology, 29.6 % had two diseases, and 34.5 % of the people had three and more pathologies. The women were more vulnarable than the men to three and more pathologies (40.2 % and 22.2 % of the cases respectively. The data obtained should be the basis for planning of the scope of preventive, curative and diagnostic measures for the working population.
It is noted in the article that the problem of nursing staff shortage is relevant to all healthcare organizations. According to the study performed in the basic institutions (the municipal hospital and polyclinic) the staffing level is about 70 % without large changes in dynamics. In addition, a significant portion of nurses (especially in the polyclinic) are the persons of pre-retirement and retirement age. Only 28.9 % of nurses did not think about the possibility of changing the location and nature of their work. The factors that can affect the ability to attract and retain personnel were analyzed using the nurses’ survey. It was found that 82.2 % of respondents believe that their workload is high; 58.3 % of them told that their work does not fully correspond to the functional responsibilities. There are the problems in the relationship in the team (including doctors and managers). Respondents consider that it is necessary to improve the organization of the labor process in the institution, the system of wage and motivation as a whole, to work for increasing the prestige of the profession. A number of measures aimed to improve the personnel management in health care organization are proposed.
Objectives - to assess the level of doctors' qualification by means of sociological survey. Material and methods. The study was conducted in a large city out-patient hospital, where 105 doctors of different specialities were interviewed. The respondents' average age was 44.7+1.9 years; average period of work -16.4+1.8 years. A special questionnaire comprised of 35 questions. The respondents were asked to assess, using a five-point scale, their skills and knowledge of various topics, including special clinical knowledge, prevention, sanitary-epidemiological regimen, psychology, healthcare organization and economics, legal regulation of medical activity. The statistical processing of collected data was performed with the Microsoft Office 2016 programs: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel. Results. The average self-assessment score for various aspects ranged from 3.1 to 4.4. The lowest score was registered in the knowledge of public health organization, regulations and healthcare economics. Among the respondents, the maximum self-assessment scores were given by emergency doctors, and the lowest - by therapeutists (general practitioners). Conclusion. The revealed deficit of knowledge in some aspects (especially in matters of healthcare organization) is a factor that may impede the implementation of one of the basic principles of total quality management - the principle of staff involvement. This requires not only a review of educational programs in medical universities, but also the appropriate adjustment of the programs of postgraduate training, as well as tasks (tests, OSCE stations) performed by doctors of different specialities in the process of their accreditation.
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