The structural and functional features of the species Pimpinella saxifraga L., which grows in the ash dumpof the Verkhnetagil State District Power Station, were investigated, compared with the natural habitat. We studied suchindicators as biomass distribution, parameters of the leaf mesostructure (the area and thickness of the leaf blade, thethickness of the mesophyll and epidermis, the size of cells and chloroplasts and their number per unit area of the leaf, thenumber of chloroplasts in cell, etc.). Pimpinella saxifraga, growing on the ash dump, showed a change in morphologicalparameters, compared with the control: a decrease in the weight of the roots, an increase in the weight of the aerialorgans, a decrease in the area of the leaf blade and the thickness of the leaf. The structural adaptation of mesophyll toenvironmental conditions consisted in changing the number and size of cells without changing the parameters of theplastid apparatus (number and size of chloroplasts). The properties of the substrate did not significantly influence on theinternal leaf area. Such adaptive changes allows this species to grow on technogenic substrates.
В статье представлены результаты изучения ценопопуляций Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Rotch,произрастающих на разновозрастных золоотвалах Нижнетуринской государственной районной электростанции(НТГРЭС), расположенных в таежной зоне. Изучение пространственной структуры ценопопуляций C. epigeiosпоказало, что на золоотвалах НТГРЭС для данного вида характерен групповой тип распределения побегов. Установлено, что с увеличением возраста ценопопуляций происходит увеличение общей биомассы вида на единицуплощади за счет роста плотности ценобионтов и развития более крупных генеративных побегов. Рост плотностиценобионтов приводит к уменьшению размеров вегетативных побегов. C. epigeios является главным компонентомрастительных сообществ при самозарастании золоотвалов. В экстремальных эдафических условиях данный видформирует устойчивые продуктивные сообщества.
We studied cenopopulations of Platanthera bifolia on industrial dumps in the Middle Urals (the southerndump of the Veselovsky brown coal deposit, the ash dump of the Verkhnetagil State District Power Plant). The spatial,age, morphological structure and features of mycorrhiza formation of this species on disturbed lands were studied. Thecenopopulations of P. bifolia growing on industrial dumps of the Veselovsky brown coal deposit, VSDPP ash dump andin the natural forest phytocenosis of the forest park are normal, incomplete, with a predominant generative state in theage spectrum. It was revealed, that P. bifolia individuals from industrial dumps correspond to the sizes of individualsfrom natural habitats according to most biometric indicators. The size of the root system is significantly affected by thecharacteristics of the substrate (low fertility, rockiness).
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