The lawn coverings creation in the humid subtropics zone of Russia is one of the topical areas of ornamental horticulture. This is due to the high requirements for year-round decorative plantings, the peculiarities of natural and climatic conditions and the general lack of issue knowledge. This direction is of particular importance in plantations located in shaded areas under the canopy of tree crowns, where, in addition to common for the region unfavourable factors of the hydrothermal regime, insufficient illumination is added, which together limits the possibility of traditional cereal grasses cultivating. Evergreen grass-like ground cover plants can be a complete substitute for lawn grasses in shaded areas. The aim of the research was to determine the degree of drought resistance of Liriope graminifolia (L.) Baker and Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl. and the ability to maintain decorativeness during the period of unfavourable hydrothermal conditions in the summer in the humid subtropics of Russia. The studies were carried out in 2013-2018 on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus in the Sochi region, in plantations (on test plots with an area of 5-10 m2) and in conditions of vegetation experiments (in containers with a volume of 2 liters) on the territory of the Kuban Subtropical Botanical Garden (settlement Uch-Dere), according to generally accepted methods adapted to the studied taxa. It was found that an important mechanism of adaptation of the studied plants to drought is the ability to accumulate and redistribute moisture between vegetative organs, providing a high water content in the leaves. The decorativeness of O. japonicus and L. graminifolia in open ground in the atmospheric moisture absence lasts up to 12-14 days, in a vegetation experiment (container culture) – up to 14-16 days. O. japonicus and L. graminifolia retained the ability to self-regenerate up to 35-37 days of the experiment, and then the plants died. The consequences of summer drought in the studied plants were compensated by active autumn growth. Unlike classic lawns, which require daily watering, lawns from O. japonicus and L. graminifolia should be irrigated with a long (more than 12-14 days) absence of precipitation in the summer months.
Влияние мелкодисперсного орошения на продуктиВность растений чая, фотосинтез и анатомо-морфологические особенности строения листьеВ В услоВиях адыгеи добежина с. В. 1 , туов м. т. 1 , пчихачев Э. к. 2 , притула з. В. 1 , шишхов м. б. 2 , коннов н. а. 1 , карпенко В. и. 3 1 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт цветоводства и субтропических культур», г. Сочи, Россия 2 Адыгейский филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт цветоводства и субтропических культур»,
Аннотация: На протяжении последних десятилетий в Субтропическом ботаническом саду Кубани особое внимание уделялось теневыносливым почвопокровным злакоподобным растениям. В качестве наиболее перспективных были выделены виды и садовые формы родов Liriope Lour. и Ophiopogon Ker Gawl., многие из которых прошли путь от интродукционных испытаний до внедрения в практику декоративного садоводства Черноморского побережья России. В настоящий момент в коллекции Ботанического сада роды Liriope и Ophiopogon представлены 19 видами, 6 садовыми формами и 10 неопределенными образцами. Введение Представители родов Liriope Lour. и Ophiopogon Ker Gawl. известны европейским ботаникам cо второй половины XVIII века. Первыми были опубликованы описания Asparagus graminifolius L., позднее идентифицированного как Liriope graminifolia (L.) Baker и Convallaria japonica Thunb., в настоящее время известного под названием Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.
Small-fruited citrus such as Fortunella Sw are becoming popular among a large variety of citrus fruits. Resistance, repeat flowering capacity, abundant fruiting combined with dwarfness, as well as the nutritional value of the fruits promote the use of the plants in hybridization to create new genotypes. The paper presents the quality characteristics of fruits of small-fruited hybrid forms derived from interspecific hybridization with Fortunella Margarita as the mother plant. The objects of the study were five promising forms: 202; 78; 90-3; Kip-14, Kalamondin-1, bred from interspecific hybridization under the auspices of the FRC SSC RAS. A brief pomological description of the size of the fruits and the juice extraction is presented in the paper. Moreover, two promising forms were established: 78 and 202. Kip-14 was distinguished by the smallest fruits with a mass of about 6.8 g and a thin skin. The study of the chemical composition of small-fruited hybrids showed that they were rich in vitamins, sugars and acids. In terms of quantity, sucrose predominates; its greatest amount was identified in the forms of Kalamondin-1 (38.09 g/kg), 78 (36.94 g/kg) and 202 (35.30 g/kg). It was revealed that in terms of sugar content, all hybrids were inferior to the original mother plant. 78 and Kip-14 were characterized by high content of soluble solids – more than 17%. 8 organic acids were identified in the fruits of the hybrids. Among the main organic acids, citric acid was dominant, the hybrid 202 – 6.53 g/100 g was indicated with high values of it. Kalamondin-1 had the highest amount of malic, succinic, acetic, lactic and oxalic acids. In terms of ascorbic acid, the hybrid Kip-14 was the leader (37.23 mg/100 g), and the fruits of this form were rich in sorbic acid (0.005 g/100 g). The largest amount of lactic acid (0.10 g/100 g) was observed in 90-3 hybrid. Fruits of 202 and Kip-14 did not contain oxalic acid.
The study assessing biochemical components (sugars and organic acids) in mandarin fruits after pest control was carried out in matured plantings of cv. Unshiu mandarin in the Republic of Abkhazia in 2019-2020. The treated fruits contained a greater amount of soluble carbohydrates than the fruits in control. The predominant form of monosaccharides is fructose (17.78-17.85 g/l, with 11.89 g/l in the control) in the fruits from the standard treatment and in variant 6 (with a combination of Metamax, Vermitek and Karate Zeon), which is preferable, since it has the greatest sweetness (173 units), providing a sweeter taste of the fruit. According to the content of organic acids, variants 6 and 8 (four treatments with Diatomite, 6%) were distinguished, the content of citric acid on which was 11.86-11.3 mg/l. A more balanced taste of the fruit was in variants 6, 7 (four treatments with Diatomite, 3%) and 8 (sugar-acid index from 7.7 to 7.9 units). Taking into account the content of basic acids and sugars in mandarin fruits, it is possible to predict the impact of insecticides and their combinations on their basic taste properties.
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