This paper reports on the development of a technology involving 100 Mo-enriched scintillating bolometers, compatible with the goals of CUPID, a proposed nextgeneration bolometric experiment to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Large mass (∼ 1 kg), high optical quality, radiopure 100 Mo-containing zinc and lithium molybdate crystals have been produced and used to develop high performance single detector modules based on 0.2-0.4 kg scintillating bolometers. In particular, the energy resolution of the lithium molybdate detectors near the Q-value of the doublebeta transition of 100 Mo (3034 keV) is 4-6 keV FWHM. The rejection of the α-induced dominant background above 2.6 MeV is better than 8σ . Less than 10 µBq/kg activity of 232 Th ( 228 Th) and 226 Ra in the crystals is ensured by boule recrystallization. The potential of 100 Mo-enriched scintillating bolometers to perform high sensitivity double-beta decay searches has been demonstrated with only 10 kg×d exposure: the two neutrino double-beta decay half-life of 100 Mo has been measured with the up-to-date highest accuracy as T 1/2 = [6.90 ± 0.15(stat.) ± 0.37(syst.)] × 10 18 years. Both crystallization and detector technologies favor lithium molybdate, which has been selected for the ongoing construction of the CUPID-0/Mo demonstrator, containing several kg of 100 Mo.

The LUMINEU program aims at performing a pilot experiment on neutrinoless double beta decay of 100 Mo using radiopure ZnMoO 4 crystals operated as cryogenic scintillating bolometers. Growth of high quality radiopure crystals is a complex task, since there are no commercial molybdenum compounds available with the required level of purity and radioactive contamination. This paper discusses approaches to purify molybdenum and synthesize compounds for high quality radiopure ZnMoO 4 crystal growth. A combination of a double sublimation (with addition of zinc molybdate) with subsequent recrystallization in aqueous solutions (using zinc molybdate as a collector) was used. Zinc molybdate crystals up to 1.5 kg were grown by the low-thermal-gradient Czochralski technique; their optical, luminescent, diamagnetic, thermal and bolometric properties were tested.

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We present a prototype scintillating bolometer for the search for neutrinoless double β decay of 100 Mo, consisting of a single ≈5 g ZnMoO 4 crystal operated aboveground in the 20-30 mK temperature range. The scintillation light is read out by two thin Ge bolometers. The phonon signals are collected by NTD Ge thermistors. The ZnMoO 4 crystal was grown with an advanced method (low-thermal-gradient Czochralski technique) and after purification of molybdenum. The results are very encouraging: the intrinsic energy resolution of the heat channel is ≈800 eV FWHM, the α/β rejection factor (crucial for background suppression) is better than 99.9% in