Results of theoretical, laboratory and stand study which enabled to recommend solutions of surface active substances while well drilling, taking into account mining and geological conditions of a number of Ukrainian regions are given. It was determined that addition of surface active substances to the drilling fluid during rotary drilling by hard-face and diamond cores makes it possible to increase drilling rate.
Purpose. Substantiation of the design solutions in separate units of the modernized hydromechanical devices and specification of rational technological modes of their operation in specific geological and technical conditions. Proposals on construction of wells by development and introduction of progressive methods and techniques. Methodology. Analysis of the peculiarities of the modernized hydromechanical drilling devices in terms of rock breaking is performed using modern methods of analytical analysis and experimental research, i.e. by using mathematical and physical modeling; method of modeling and processing of research results in the SolidWorks medium and others; control and measuring tools and materials. The process of solving the problems of optimal planning of the experiment was divided into four stages: development of a planned model; preparation of the necessary initial data; calculation of the model; obtaining and processing of the results. The well rock-breaking processes were modeled on a special-purpose laboratory stand equipped with a measuring and control unit (flow meter, manometer, tachometer, and coordinate spacer). Findings. The main ways to improve well hydromechanical technologies have been identified. The fundamental principles have been formulated concerning the process of design of such equipment schemes that will combine the most productive and efficient methods of the rock mass operations. A number of factors characteristic of the implementation of well hydromechanical technologies, have been identified, i.e.: rational range of physical properties of rocks according to which proper technical and technological characteristics of the devices are selected; structural use of mechanical rock-breaking organs of the devices; and operating parameters of the drilling process. It has been proved that the developed design schemes of hydromechanical drilling devices, in terms of their optimal technical performance and technological development, can be recommended for their use in the appropriate geological and technical conditions, where the implementation of other methods is inexpedient or limited. Originality. Formation of the peripheral part of the bottomhole is a subordinate factor determined by the device design; effective profiling is possible only due to the introduction of additional components into the hydromechanical drilling devices, which makes it possible to use certain technological methods. Practical value. The obtained results of laboratory and analytical studies are basic to design operating parameters of the well deepening processes by using the hydromechanical devices. Data from the study on bottomhole working processes of hydromechanical technologies are the starting point for the substantiation of design and technological parameters of modernized pellet impact devices.
Purpose is to substantiate and develop an efficient scheme of coalmine methane capture while preparing and developing gassy coal seams. Methods. Critical analysis of literature sources has been carried out; practice of applying the known schemes of coalmine methane capture for its further use has been systematized. Analysis and selection of theoretical substantiation of a new coalmine methane capture scheme have been performed taking into consideration the parameters of preparation and development of gassy coal seams. Methods of mathematical analysis have been applied to describe the dependence of gamma distribution of the continuous random variable of gas emission intensity on the distance to a stope. Findings. A scheme of coal mass degassing has been improved; that scheme helps increase degassing degree and eliminate colliery gas, including methane, in terms of specific arrangement of wells and introduction of new technological operations and parameters. The developed scheme takes into consideration physical and mathematical properties of rocks to increase the volume of produced gas along with the reduced total mining costs. Mathematical modeling has made it possible to define that the density function coincides maximally with the experimental and practical graph of dependence of gas emission intensity on the distance to a stope. Originality. Analytical dependences have been specified making it possible to evaluate rational range of the depth of degassing gas outlet wells and the distance between them according to the proposed scheme of their arrangement within the extraction pillar. Practical implications. The proposed scheme of coal mass degassing allows controlling coalmine methane extraction including special preparatory operations. It helps widen a range of effective application of the system for colliery gas extraction and reduce the time for preparatory degassing operations; that favours both rising stope output and the associated coalmine methane recovery with the corresponding increase in energy saving and safety during mining operations.
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