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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are immune-mediated diseases and usually manifest at a young age. They are requires in a long-term treatment or surgery with a high probability of surgical intervention. IBDs are accompanied by a decrease in working capacity, impaired quality of life and social disadaptation. However, timely diagnosis with using modern diagnostic methods, the use of evidence-based immunosuppressive and biological therapy significantly changed the pathomorphosis of this disease. But despite the achievements of the pharmacotherapy, the incidence and prevalence of IBD are still increasing, a demand for surgery remains both for Crohn`s disease and ulcerative colitis throughout all the period of illness. At the same time there is a trend towards the variability of symptoms, mismatch of the clinical symptoms with the real severity of inflammation, increase of a number of patients with extraintestinal manifestations and resistance to induction and maintenance therapies. In addition to this, the observation of this group of patients is complicated due to the difficulty of the early diagnosis and differential analysis of IBD, the need of early induction treatment according to the guidelines and the lack of adherence to the therapy.

Psoriasis (Ps), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by a progressive course and frequently lead to disability; therefore, their early diagnosis with the assessment of a clinical phenotype and unfavorable prognostic factors and the timely initiation of therapy are important tasks. The paper provides the experts agreed opinion on the definition of the early stage of Ps, PsA, and IBDs, the goals of therapy and main unfavorable prognostic factors for the course of these diseases and gives the rationale for the early use of biological agents in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

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Aim. Current clinical recommendations accentuate current methods for the diagnosis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Key points. IBS is a functional bowel disorder manifested with recurrent, at least weekly, abdominal pain with the following attributes (any two leastwise): link to defecation, its frequency or stool shape. The symptoms are expected to persist for at minimum three months in a total six-month follow-up. Similar to other functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, IBS can be diagnosed basing on the patient symptoms compliance with Rome IV criteria, provided the absence of potentially symptom-causative organic GI diseases. Due to challenging differential diagnosis, IBS can be appropriately established per exclusionem, with pre-examination as follows: general and biochemical blood tests; tissue transglutaminase IgA/IgG antibody tests; thyroid hormones test; faecal occult blood test; hydrogen glucose/ lactulose breath test for bacterial overgrowth; stool test for enteric bacterial pathogens and Clostridium difficile A/B toxins; stool calprotectin test; abdominal ultrasound; OGDS, with biopsy as appropriate; colonoscopy with biopsy. The IBS sequence is typically wavelike, with alternating remissions and exacerbations often triggered by psychoemotional stress. Treatment of IBS patients includes dietary and lifestyle adjustments, various-class drug agents prescription and psychotherapeutic measures.Conclusion. Adherence to clinical recommendations can facilitate timely diagnosis and improve medical aid quality in patients with different clinical IBS variants.

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The aim of the paper — is to present the results of the consensus on the terminology used to describe data of high-resolution anorectal manometry.Methods: Online survey was conducted with the help of the public platform “Google forms” with the aim to harmonize the terms, which are used to conduct high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM), to agree the conformity of the proposed Russian-language terms to those used in English-language literature, and their abbreviations.Results: According to the aim, 56 specialists of different medical specialties who perform and use the results of HRAM in clinical practice and research were invited to participate in the survey. We received 45 answers from the respondents (42.2% coloproctologists, 22.2% gastroenterologists, 15.6% surgeons, 20% — representatives of other specialties). The response rate was 80.3%. According to the survey, 95.6% of respondents supported the need for harmonization of terms. Ten out of the 11 terms reached consensus level C1 (excellent), 1 term level of consistency was C2 (moderate). 90.9% of respondents (consensus level C1) were in favor of the appropriateness of using common abbreviations. However, the proposed abbreviations of the terms used in the conduct and description of the results of the HRAM can be accepted with reservations (in 10 cases out of 11 consensus level was C2).Conclusions: The agreed in interdisciplinary consensus terms can be approved and recommended for the use in clinical practice and when research data are published in Russian-language scientific literature.