Pollen is recognized as an excellent dietary supplement for human nutrition, which is why it can be found in different forms on the market (granules, capsules, tablets, pellets, and powders). But, the digestibility of pollen's nutrients is strongly affected by the presence of a pollen shell, which can decrease the bioavailability of nutrients by 50% and more. Since consumers have become more aware of the benefits of a healthy diet and the necessity to improve pollen digestibility, different pollen-based functional food products have been developed and extensive studies were done to estimate the beneficial effects of pollen-based feed on animal growth, health, and rigor mortise stage. Considering the positive effects of pollen nutrients and phytometabolites on human and animal health, the aim of this paper was to give an overview of recent achievements in the application of pollen in the formulation of functional food and animal diets. Special attention was paid to the effects of pollen's addition on the nutritional, functional, techno-functional, and sensory properties of the new formulated food products. Anti-nutritional properties of pollen were also discussed. This review points out the benefits of pollen addition to food and feed and the possible directions in the further development of functional food and feed for the wellbeing of everyone.Biomolecules 2020, 10, 84 2 of 36 improvement and for the prevention of some respiratory infections. In addition, they emphasized the fact of the longevity of some residents of Ukraine and Russia which can be linked to their regular consumption of honey enriched with pollen [2]. Since then, a significant "breakthrough" about the application of pollen as a dietary supplement has been made and the number of available research articles has drastically increased.Nowadays, pollen is often recognized as the "only perfectly complete food" [4], and "the world's best food product" [5]. The dominant presence and high content of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids highlights pollen as an ideal natural supplement that provides energy; it has good nutritional value, regulates certain biochemical functions, and strengthens the body's immune and physiological systems [4,6]. Furthermore, pollen is a rich source of different important compounds (Figure 1)-vitamins (with the prevalence of group-B vitamins) [7,8], carotenoids (such as lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, and β-caroten) [9], minerals [10][11][12], and polyphenols [13][14][15], which makes it attractive for use in the diets of children and adults suffering from certain avitaminoses and loss of appetite.
