A novel miniature diamond grinding tool usable for the precise micro-grinding of miniature parts is presented. A hybrid process that combines 'micro-EDM' with 'precision co-deposition' is proposed. The metal substrate is micro-EDMed to a 50 µm diameter and micro diamonds with 0-2 µm grains are 'electroformed' on the substrate surface, producing a miniature multilayered grinding tool. Nickel and diamond act as binders and cutters, respectively. A partition plate with an array of drilled holes is designed to ensure good convection in the electroforming solution. The dispersion of diamond grains and displacement of nickel ions are noticeably improved. A miniature funnel mould enables the diamond grains to converge towards the cathode to increase their deposition probability on the substrate, thereby improving their distribution on the substrate surface. A micro ZrO 2 ceramic ferrule is finely ground by the developed grinding tool and then yields a surface roughness of R a = 0.085 µm. The proposed approach is applied during the final machining process.
This study presents a novel, economical and efficient fabrication technique for precisely generating multiple microgrooves on a microscope slide to allow for microscopic examination of urine sediment cells. This study incorporates two important phases: a precision wheel-tool array is fabricated and then the developed tool is used in fast on-line grinding of multiple microgrooves. The wheel-tool blank is made of diamond grit of 0-2 μm grade via co-deposition. Subsequently, it is trued, sliced and sharpened by means of micro wire electro discharge dressing. The finished wheel-tool is utilized on-line to grind multiple microgrooves using 'high-speed and fast-shallow grinding'. A ductile grinding regime is established to obtain a nano-metric surface finish for the multiple microgrooves generated on the microscope slide. The depth and width of the grooves in the array are both 10 μm and a surface finish of R a equal to 0.010 μm is simultaneously achieved. This multiple microgrooving technique can supply high-quality fast grinding in the fabrication of bio-medical devices, such as those used for stationing and counting urine sediment cells.
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