Objectives: Our review aimed to consolidate the latest update on the application of in vitro maturation among immature oocyte harvest in combination with ovarian tissue cryopreservation known as ovarian tissue oocyte–in vitro maturation. Methods: A thorough search for relevant studies was conducted via PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and clinical.gov databases up to December 2020. The primary outcome was the oocyte maturation rate, which measured the number of immature oocytes (geminal vesicle stage) that progressed to mature oocytes (meiosis II stage) following in vitro maturation. The secondary outcomes were the fertilization rate following intracytoplasmic sperm injection/in vitro fertilization of these oocytes for the embryo cryopreservation cohort. Our review included pre-pubertal girls and women with cancer who underwent ovarian tissue oocyte–in vitro maturation as fertility preservation. Results: The primary search identified 207 studies. Twelve manuscripts were selected for inclusion in our review following duplication assessment, title and abstract screening, and full-text evaluation tailored to our inclusion criteria. All the population belonged to a cancer group and underwent concurrent ovarian tissue oocyte–in vitro maturation. A total of 5724 immature oocytes were obtained following ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Approximately 33.84% of the immature oocytes successfully matured via in vitro maturation, which were cryopreserved as oocytes or fertilized as embryos and subsequently stored for future use. Conclusion: Our review proposed the potential application of ovarian tissue oocyte–in vitro maturation in increasing the number of mature oocytes. The acceptable improvement in oocyte maturation rate following in vitro maturation indicates that improving oocyte outcomes is an excellent cost-effective strategy for fertility preservation among women with cancer.
Breast cancer comprised at least 21.8% of the overall cancer among young adult (YA) women and became the leading cancer in this group in Japan, with 50% adolescent and YAs being diagnosed and 15–44-year-old women showing excellent 5-year survival. Surgical-chemoradiation therapy often results in excellent survivorship with an increased incidence of treatment-induced subfertility. Therefore, adding fertility preservation (FP) to the primary cancer treatment is necessary. Herein, we reported a series of cases of YA women with breast cancer who opted for FP, where their option was tailored accordingly. To date, the selection of oocytes, embryos and ovarian tissue is widely available as an FP treatment. PGT could reduce the risk of BRCA mutation transmission amongst BRCA carriers before pregnancy planning. Otherwise, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog has no gonadoprotective effect and thus should not be considered as an FP option.
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