Metal-free heteroatom-doped carbocatalysts with a high surface area are desirable for catalytic reactions. In this study, we found an efficient strategy to prepare nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur co-doped hollow carbon shells (denote as NPS-HCS) with a surface area of 1020 m(2) g(-1). Using a poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol) (PZS) shell as carbon source and N, P, S-doping source, and the ZIF-67 core as structural template as well as extra N-doping source, NPS-HCS were obtained with a high surface area and superhydrophilicity. All these features render the prepared NPS-HCS a superior metal-free carbocatalyst for the selective oxidation of aromatic alkanes in aqueous solution. This study provides a reliable and facile route to prepare doped carbocatalysts with enhanced catalytic properties.
A sublimation method using terephthalic acid (PTA) as the sublimating agent was developed to generate macropores inside electrospun carbon nanofibers. During carbonization of electrospun PTApolyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers, PTA sublimed and macropores were created within the carbon nanofiber, resulting in flexible and self-sustained carbon film. The carbon nanofiber film showed excellent oil adsorption property with maximum capacities of 62.6, 73.8, 64.0, 94.0 and 138.4 g g À1 for ethanol, pump oil, mineral oil, corn oil and silicone oil. The film exhibited excellent recyclability by rinsing with suitable organic solvent, and promising ability in cleaning up oil spills, as well as fast and efficient separation of oil in oil-water mixtures.
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