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Aim: To improve the bioactivity and antibacterial activity of titanium (Ti) implants. Materials & methods: Magnesium (Mg)-doped titanium dioxide microporous coatings (Mg-TiO2) were prepared on the surface of Ti implants by plasma electrolytic oxidation. Results: Ti surfaces were covered with porous Mg-TiO2, and Mg was evenly distributed throughout the coating. Mg-TiO2 could not only promote osteoblast adhesion, proliferation and differentiation but also inhibit the colonization and growth of Staphylococcus. In addition, Mg-TiO2 may promote osteogenesis through the ERK/c-Fos signaling pathway as well as the early osseointegration of Ti implants. Conclusion: Mg-TiO2 has both osteogenic and antibacterial effects and thus presents important theoretical significance and clinical potential.