BackgroundA novel inflammatory marker called the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was applied to predict the prognosis of different cancers. However, the role of SII in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. This systematic review aims to explore the prognostic role of SII in different stage PCa.MethodsWe comprehensively searched three public databases: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted to evaluate the association between SII and the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics in different stage PCa patients.ResultsTen studies and 7,986 patients were enrolled in our meta-analysis, 1,442 patients were diagnosed with metastatic-castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), and 6544 patients were diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer (nmPCa). According to the pooled results, we found that a high SII was associated with worse overall survival (OS) in mCRPC patients (HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.26–3.01, p = 0.003), and a high SII was associated with biochemical recurrence-free survival (BFS) in nmPCa patients (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.06–3.24, p = 0.031). But there was no significant association observed between SII and progression-free survival (PFS) in mCRPC patients (HR = 1.90, 95% CI: 0.87–4.14, p = 0.107). And we found that the high SII was associated with advanced tumor stage of PCa (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.11–4.33, p = 0.024), presence of lymph node involvement (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.96–3.76, p < 0.001) and Gleason score (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13–1.44, p < 0.001).ConclusionHigh SII was associated with bad OS in mCRPC patients, and associated with bad BFS and some adverse pathological features in nmPCa patients. We think SII can be a prognostic predictor for PCa patients. The application of SII will advance the diagnosis and treatment of different stage prostate cancer.
Background: Berberine (BBR), an active component extracted from Coptis chinensis, has shown anti-tumor effects in multiple tumors. However, the underlying mechanisms haven’t been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of BBR on bladder cancer (BCa) cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated both in vivo and vitro. Methods: MTT, colony formation, EdU incorporation assays and xenograft tumor models were performed to evaluate the anti-proliferation effects of BBR on BCa cells in vivo and vitro. The roles of BRR in migration and invasion of BCa cells were investigated by wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion assays. The apoptosis and senescence induced by BBR were determined by flow cytometry, tunel assay and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity assay. Potential candidate targets were screened using western blot. The relationships between miR-17-5p and JAK1-STAT3 pathway were then predicted using in-silico analysis and identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The regulatory mechanism of miR-17-5p mediated suppression of JAK1-STAT3 pathway caused by BBR treatment was validated by qRT-PCR and western blot.Results: We found that BBR showed significant cytotoxic effects against bladder cancer (BCa) cell lines both in vivo and vitro, with much lower cytotoxic effects on human normal urothelial cell line SV-HUC-1. BBR treatment induced DNA replication defects and cycle cell arrest, resulting in apoptosis or cell senescence, depending on p53 status, in BCa cells. Mechanically, BBR exerted anti-tumor effects on BCa cells through inhibiting JAK1-STAT3 signaling via promoting expression of miR-17-5p, which directly bound to 3’ UTR of JAK1 and STAT3 and downregulated their expressions. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that BBR exerts anti-tumor effects through perturbing JAK1-STAT3 signaling via upregulating expression of miR-17-5p in BCa cells, and BBR may serve as a potential therapeutic option for BCa treatment.
Background Arterioureteral fistula (AUF) is a rare, life-threatening condition wherein communication occurs between a ureter and the common, internal, or external iliac artery. The sensitivity of common clinical imaging examination for AUF is low, which leads to a delayed diagnosis and increased mortality. In addition, the increased use of ureteral stents contributes to the growing frequency of AUF. Case presentation Our two patients were 74 and 65 years old males respectively. They both had a medical history of bladder cancer and underwent radical cystectomy with ureterocutaneostomy. The patients underwent routine catheter exchange during over 1 year postradical cystectomy and subsequently experienced intermittent gross pulsatile haematuria. After a series of imaging examinations failed to identify the cause, the patients were ultimately diagnosed with AUF and treated with interventional radiotherapy, followed by broad-spectrum antibiotics. Positive effects were found. Conclusions The incidence of AUF is increased with the prolongation of survival in patients with related risk factors. This case report aims to highlight early diagnosis and management of AUF to lower the mortality.
Introduction: To evaluate the predictive value of the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and other systemic inflammatory markers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), for prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) in patients with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value between 4 and 20 ng/mL. Patients and Methods: The clinical data of 319 eligible patients who underwent prostate biopsies in our hospital from August 2019 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. CSPCa was defined as a “Gleason grade group of ≥2”. A univariable logistic regression analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the association between the PIV, SII, MLR, and PCa/CSPCa. For the inflammatory indicators included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis, we constructed models by combining the separate inflammatory indicator and other significant predictors and compared the area under the curve (AUC). A nomogram based on the PIV for PCa was developed. Results: We included 148 PCa patients (including 127 CSPCa patients) and 171 non-PCa patients in total. The patients with PCa were older, had higher MLR, SII, PIV, and total PSA (TPSA) values, consumed more alcohol, and had lower free/total PSA (f/T) values than the other patients. Compared with the non-CSPCa group, the CSPCa group had higher BMI, MLR, PIV, TPSA values, consumed more alcohol, and had lower f/T values. The univariable regression analysis showed that drinking history, higher MLR, PIV, and TPSA values, and lower f/T values were independent predictors of PCa and CSPCa. The AUC of the PIV in the multivariable logistic regression model was higher than those of the MLR and SII. In addition, the diagnostic value of the PIV + PSA for PCa was better than the PSA value. However, the diagnostic value for CSPCa was not significantly different from that of using PSA alone, while the AUC of the PIV + PSA was higher than the individual indicator of the PSA value. Conclusions: Our study suggests that for the patients who were diagnosed with PSA values between 4 and 20 ng/mL, the PIV and MLR are potential indicators for predicting PCa and CSPCa. In addition, our study indicates that the new inflammatory index PIV has clinical value in the diagnosis of PCa and CSPCa.
ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy for single urinary stones with that of multiple urinary stones.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent flexible ureteroscopy in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2016 to March 2021. Propensity score matching was used to match patients with no statistical difference in preoperative clinical data, and they were divided into solitary calculi and multiple calculi two groups. The postoperative hospital days, operation time, complications and stone free rate were compared between the two groups. And multiple stones were divided into high group (S-ReSc > 4) and non-high group (S-ReSc ≤ 4) for analysis.Results313 patients were counted. After propensity score matching, 198 patients were finally included in the study. There were 99 cases in the solitary stone group and the multiple stone group. There were no significant differences in postoperative hospital days, complications and stone free rate between the two groups. The operation time of patients with solitary stone group was significantly shorter than that of patients with multiple stones (65.00 min, 45.00 min VS 90.00 min, 50.00 min, P < 0.001). The SFR of high group in the multiple stones group was significantly lower than that in the non-high group (7, 58.3% VS 78, 89.7%, P = 0.013).ConclusionDespite the longer operation time, flexible ureteroscopy has similar outcomes in the treatment of multiple (S-Rec ≤ 4) compared to solitary calculi. Although, this doesn't apply when S-ReSc > 4.
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