The Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha grotto is of great value in researching the spread of Buddhism in China. To explore a scientific deterioration degree evaluation method, the authors selected 11 grottos from the middle Tang Dynasty in the Guangyuan Thousand-Buddha grotto as survey objects; a traditional deterioration investigation was undertaken, and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP method) was applied to build a system to calculate the weight of 15 deterioration criteria and evaluate the deterioration degree of the grotto. The results showed that 15 deteriorations can be classified into two categories: stability deterioration and weathering deterioration. Each deterioration has its own weight on affecting the preservation condition of the grotto. In contrast to realistic conditions, the calculation results can quantitatively reflect the preservation condition of the grotto. The results offer a quantitative basis for determining the priority of grotto conservation and verifying the feasibility of the AHP method in helping conservators identify major deteriorations or judge conservation orders. This research proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the deterioration degree of the grotto, which can lay the foundation for further conservation of the grotto.
Graphical Abstract
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Guangyuan thousand-buddha grotto is of great value in researching Buddhism spread in China. By joint effect of various factors, the grottos have developed serious diseases, which threaten the long-term preservation. To date, the existing study can neither reveal the contribution each disease makes to nor the grottos’ preserve situation in a quantized way. Therefore, establishing a scientific evaluation system to explore the effection of each disease and assess grottos’ preserve situation degree has been a significant topic for grotto’s conservation. In this research, the authors selected 11 grottos of middle Tang dynasty in Guangyuan thousand-buddha grotto as survey objects, traditional diseases investigation was taken and analytic hierarchy process (AHP method) was applied to build a system to calculate weight of 15 diseases and evaluate grottos’ preserve situation. The result shows, 15 diseases can be classified as two risk categories, and every disease has its own weight on effecting grotto’s preserve situation. AHP method is suitable for heritage assessment with complex structure.
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