Neurotrophic factors can promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Here we report that the possibility of using bFGF in combination with BDNF and NGF to promote proliferation and differentiation of NSCs in vitro. C57BL/6 mouse NSCs were cultured, passaged and stained by immunofluorescence for nestin and GFP. According to different neurotrophic factors added to NSCs, seven experiment groups (NGF, BDNF, bFGF, bFGF+NGF, bFGF+BDNF, NGF+BDNF and NGF+BDNF+bFGF) and a blank control group were established. One week after induction and differentiation, results showed that there was significant difference in the percentage of NSCs differentiating into neurons among the experiment groups. The percentage in the multi-factor groups was significantly higher than that in the single-factor groups (p<0.05), among which the percentage was the highest in NGF+BDNF+bFGF group. In the two-factor groups, the percentage in bFGF+NGF and bFGF+BDNF groups was significantly higher than that in NGF+BDNF group (p<0.05). The NSCs growth curves showed that cells proliferated continuously with the time of culture prolonging, but there was significant difference between the group containing bFGF and that without bFGF. Our results demonstrate that combined use of NGF/BDNF/bFGF significantly improved the ability of NSCs proliferation and differentiation.

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Background A reliable scoring tool to detect the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke is warranted. The present study was designed to develop and validate a new nomogram for individualized prediction of the probability of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients treated with intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Methods We enrolled patients who suffered from acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with IV rt-PA treatment in our emergency green channel between August 2016 and July 2018. The main outcome was defined as any type of intracerebral hemorrhage according to the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II (ECASS II). All patients were randomly divided into two cohorts: the primary cohort and the validation cohort. On the basis of multivariate logistic model, the predictive nomogram was generated. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) and calibration plot. Results A total of 194 patients with complete data were enrolled, of whom 131 comprised the primary cohort and 63 comprised the validation cohort, with HT rate 12.2, 9.5% respectively. The score of chronic disease scale (CDS), the global burden of cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥ 13, and onset-to-treatment time (OTT) ≥ 180 were detected important determinants of ICH and included to construct the nomogram. The nomogram derived from the primary cohort for HT had C- Statistics of 0.9562 and the calibration plot revealed generally fit in predicting the risk of HT. Furthermore, we made a comparison between our new nomogram and several other risk-assessed scales for HT with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the results showed the nomogram model gave an area under curve of 0.9562 (95%CI, 0.9221–0.9904, P < 0.01) greater than HAT (Hemorrhage After Thrombolysis), SEDAN (blood Sugar, Early infarct and hyper Dense cerebral artery sign on non-contrast computed tomography, Age, and NIHSS) and SPAN-100 (Stroke Prognostication using Age and NIHSS) scores. Conclusions This proposed nomogram based on the score of CDS, the global burden of CSVD, NIHSS score ≥ 13, and OTT ≥ 180 gives rise to a more accurate and more comprehensive prediction for HT in patients with ischemic stroke receiving IV rt-PA treatment.

Background. The correlation between H-type hypertension and acute ischemic stroke remains uncertain. Objective. The present study was designed to explore the possible relationship between H-type hypertension and severity and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. Method. We included 372 patients with acute ischemic stroke and divided them into four groups: H-type hypertension group, simple hypertension group, simple hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) group, and the control group. NIHSS score was measured at both admission and two weeks later. mRS score, stroke recurrence, cardiovascular event, or all-cause mortality was recorded at 3-month and 1-year follow-up. Result. The results showed that the NIHSS score on admission in the H-type hypertension group (6.32 ± 5.91) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3.97 ± 3.59) (P < 0.05), while there was no obvious association between H-type hypertension and NIHSS score after 2-week treatment (P = 0.106). Endpoint events incidence in H-type hypertension group was the highest; however, in the cox regression model of multiple factor analysis, H-type hypertension was not an independent risk factor. Conclusion. H-type hypertension may result in early functional deterioration and higher incidence rate of endpoint events but not act as an independent risk factor.