Van der Waals coupling with different stacking configurations is emerging as a powerful method to tune the optical and electronic properties of atomically thin two-dimensional materials. Here, we investigate 3R-stacked transition-metal dichalcogenides as a possible option for high-performance atomically thin field-effect transistors (FETs). We report that the effective mobility of 3R bilayer WS 2 (WSe 2 ) is 65% (50%) higher than that of 2H WS 2 (WSe 2 ). The 3R bilayer WS 2 n-type FET exhibits a high on-state current of 480 μA/μm at V ds = 1 V and an ultralow on-state resistance of 1 kilohm·μm. Our observations, together with multiscale simulations, reveal that these improvements originate from the strong interlayer coupling in the 3R stacking, which is reflected in a higher conductance compared to the 2H stacking. Our method provides a general and scalable route toward advanced channel materials in future electronic devices for ultimate scaling, especially for complementary metal oxide semiconductor applications.
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignancies of digestive tracts with poor five-year survival rate. Hence, it is very significant to further investigate the occurrence and development mechanism of esophageal cancer, find more effective biomarkers and promote early diagnosis and effective treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are generally defined as non-protein-coding RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides in length. Existing researches have shown that lncRNAs could act as sponges, guides, scaffolds, and signal molecules to influence the oncogene or tumor suppressor expressions at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and protein levels in crucial cellular processes. Currently, the dysregulated lncRNAs are reported to involve in the pathogenesis and progression of EC. Importantly, targeting EC-related lncRNAs through genome editing, RNA interference and molecule drugs may be one of the most potential therapeutic methods for the future EC treatment. In this review, we summarized the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs, including oncogenic lncRNAs and tumor suppressor lncRNAs in EC. In addition, we generalized the excellent potential lncRNA candidates for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy in EC. Finally, we discussed the current challenges and opportunities of lncRNAs for EC.
Atomically thin layered tungsten diselenide (WSe2) has attracted tremendous research attention for its potential applications in next-generation electronics. This article reports the synthesis method of high-quality monolayer to trilayer WSe2 by molten-salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition. With the optimization of different types of molten salts and depths of corundum boat, large trilayer WSe2 films can be grown with domain size up to 80 µm for the first time. A systematic study of the electrical properties of the n-type field-effect transistor has been carried out based on WSe2 with the above three different layer thicknesses. The trilayer WSe2 devices exhibit higher drive current, mobility, on/off ratio, and lower contact resistance than both bilayer and monolayer counterparts. Moreover, short channel transistors using the trilayer WSe2 with a channel length of 230 nm have been fabricated, exhibiting an excellent on/off ratio up to 108 and a high current density of 187 µA/μm. This facile synthesis of high-quality large-area multilayer WSe2 provides a pathway for future high-performance two-dimensional electronic devices.
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