Chemical looping combustion (CLC) has emerged as an efficient and promising combustion technique for fossil fuels during the past few decades. The main advantages of CLC lie in its inherent CO 2 sequestration and cascade energy utilization, being primarily benefited from the in situ reactive separation facilitated by the circulation of a solid intermediate. Up to date, the research on the CLC-related oxygen carrier, reactor, and system has made extensive and in-depth development worldwide. CLC units with thermal power ranging from the kW th to MW th scale were demonstrated with fuels of different types (gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels). Over the past 20 years, Chinese researchers have made significant progress in chemical looping technologies, extending from fundamental oxygen carrier studies to the implementation of pilot-scale CLC units. For the use of solid fuels, such as coal, in CLC, it is a rather challenging task but a lot of opportunities also remain. As a result of the particular "rich coal, meager oil, and deficient gas" energy reserve characteristics, China has become the main research battlefield on CLC of coal these years. In this paper, the main advances and research status on CLC of coal in China are reviewed and appraised. The contents in this paper cover most of, if not all, the research hotspots on CLC of coal, i.e., oxygen carrier screening, reactor design/construction/operation, pollutant emission, reaction kinetics, and numerical simulation. Chinese researchers have made substantial contributions to two bottleneck issues faced by the coal-derived CLC technique, i.e., developing and preparing a low-cost while well-performing oxygen carrier and promoting the slow char gasification process in the fuel reactor. In addition, remaining challenges that constrain the development of large-scale CLC units and indeed deserve in-depth investigation are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the following three key challenges: severe mismatch of reaction rates in CLC of coal, difficulty in attaining a good balance between the oxygen carrier performance and cost, and challenge in controlling solid circulation to manage heat and mass transfer. Accordingly, potential opportunities for future research and scaling-up of the coal-derived CLC technique are discussed. The academic thoughts that are highlighted here include (1) achieving a good compromise between the oxygen carrier cost and performance through the rational design of a multifunctional and composite oxygen carrier and its scalable preparation using cheap raw materials, (2) coordination among reactor modeling− reactor design−reactor operation to attain effective management of heat and mass transfer in the CLC reactor, and (3) a complex while effective matching matrix among coal type, oxygen carrier particle, and reactor configuration to acquire the optimal performance of the whole CLC system. Overall, this review summarizes the contributions of Chinese scholars to CLC of coal and presents how these research achievements benefit the commercial-sca...

Embedding-based entity alignment has been widely investigated in recent years, but most proposed methods still rely on an ideal supervised learning setting with a large number of unbiased seed mappings for training and validation, which significantly limits their usage. In this study, we evaluate those state-of-the-art methods in an industrial context, where the impact of seed mappings with different sizes and different biases is explored. Besides the popular benchmarks from DBpedia and Wikidata, we contribute and evaluate a new industrial benchmark that is extracted from two heterogeneous knowledge graphs (KGs) under deployment for medical applications. The experimental results enable the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these alignment methods and the further discussion of suitable strategies for their industrial deployment.

Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are impaired in auditory-vocal integration, characterized by abnormal compensatory responses to auditory feedback errors during self-monitoring of vocal production. The present study examined whether auditory feedback control of vocal pitch production in PD can benefit from Lee Silverman voice treatment (LSVT® LOUD), a high effort, intensive speech treatment for hypokinetic dysarthria in PD. Before and immediately after LSVT LOUD, 12 individuals with PD were instructed to produce sustained vowel sounds while hearing their voice unexpectedly pitch-shifted by −200 cents. Their vocal responses and event-related potentials (ERPs) to pitch perturbations were measured to assess the treatment outcomes. A group of 12 healthy controls were one-to-one pair matched by age, sex, and language. Individuals with PD exhibited abnormally enhanced vocal and ERP P2 responses to pitch perturbations relative to healthy controls. Successful treatment with LSVT LOUD, however, led to significantly smaller and faster vocal compensations that were accompanied by significantly larger P2 responses. Moreover, improved vocal loudness during passage reading was significantly correlated with reduced vocal compensations for pitch perturbations. These preliminary findings provide the first neurobehavioral evidence for beneficial effects of LSVT LOUD on impaired auditory-vocal integration associated with PD, which may be related to improved laryngeal motor functions and a top-down modulation of the speech motor network by LSVT LOUD.

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