Lubricant-dispersible nanoparticles are prepared via a surface modification synthetic way and characterized by state of the art tools such as TEM. The tribological properties of the nanoparticles as lubricant additives were studied and the results show that the addition of nanoparticles as additives reduced wear and increased load-carrying capacity of base oil remarkably, indicating nanoparticles can be used as anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives with excellent performances. The boundary lubrication mechanism of nanoparticles was discussed that probably an ultra thin film, which is formed by the melting and elongation of nanoparticles under tribological heat and shear force, attributed to good tribological performance of nanoparticulate as additives.

A relationship between hyperammonemia and Ureaplasma infection has been shown in lung transplant recipients. We have demonstrated that Ureaplasma urealyticum cases hyperammonemia in a novel immunocompromised murine model. Herein, we determined whether Ureaplasma parvum can do the same. Male C3H mice were given mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus and prednisone for seven days, and then challenged with U. parvum intratracheally (IT) and/or intraperitoneally (IP), while continuing immunosuppression over six days. Plasma ammonia concentrations were determined and compared using Wilcoxon ranks sum tests. Plasma ammonia concentrations of immunosuppressed mice challenged IT/IP with spent broth [median, 188 μmol/L; range, 102–340 μmol/L] were similar to those of normal [median, 226 μmol/L; range, 154–284 μmol/L, p>0.05], uninfected immunosuppressed [median, 231 μmol/L; range, 122–340 μmol/L, p>0.05], and U. parvum IT/IP challenged immunocompetent [median, 226 μmol/L; range, 130–330 μmol/L, p>0.05] mice. Immunosuppressed mice challenged with U. parvum IT/IP (median 343 μmol/L; range 136–1,000 μmol/L) or IP (median 307 μmol/L; range 132–692 μmol/L) had higher plasma ammonia concentrations than those challenged IT/IP with spent broth (p<0.001). U. parvum can cause hyperammonemia in pharmacologically immunocompromised mice.