Tungsten oxide ͑WO 3 ͒ was inserted as an anode interfacial layer between the photoactive layer and top electrode in inverted polymer solar cells ͑PSCs͒ with nanocrystalline titanium dioxide as an electron selective layer. The device with WO 3 exhibited a remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency compared with that without WO 3 , which indicated that WO 3 efficiently prevented the recombination of charge carriers at the organic/top electrode interface. The dependence of the device performances on WO 3 film thickness and different top metal electrodes was investigated. Transparent inverted PSCs with thermally evaporable Ag/ WO 3 as a transparent anode were also investigated when introducing a WO 3 buffer layer.
Molybdenum trioxide ͑MoO 3 ͒ was inserted between the active layer and top electrode in inverted polymer solar cells ͑PSCs͒ with nanocrystalline titanium dioxide as an electron selective layer. The performances of structurally identical PSCs with different top electrodes ͑Au, Ag, and Al͒ were investigated and compared. The interface between MoO 3 and different metals was studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the performances of devices with different metals are greatly improved due to the incorporation of MoO 3 and the open-circuit voltage of devices is relatively insensitive to the choice of the anode metal when MoO 3 is introduced.
Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were prepared by sol-gel method and were then used to fabricate metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet photodetectors with Au Schottky contact. It was found that dark current of the fabricated devices was only 1.9nA at 5V applied bias. High responsivity of 199A∕W was achieved when it was irradiated by the ultraviolet light (λ=260nm). The low dark current and high responsivity maybe attributed to the effect of Schottky barrier in company with neutral semiconductor owing to the wide finger gap of 20μm. The devices show a slow time response with a rise time of 6s and a decay time of 15s. The authors deduced that the slow time response was caused by defect traps which were widely distributed in nanocrysal.
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