Objetivo. Determinar a existência de aglomerados de municípios (clusters) com alto risco para sífilis congênita (SC) no Brasil e descrever a tendência temporal da doença no país, comparando a população de crianças cujas mães realizaram o pré-natal com aquelas cujas mães não realizaram esse controle. Métodos. Este estudo ecológico utilizou dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). Para a análise de aglomerados, a estatística de varredura Kulldorff foi aplicada à população de risco. A significância estatística foi determinada pelo logaritmo da razão de verossimilhança utilizando a distribuição discreta de Poisson. Para a análise das tendências das taxas de detecção do agravo, utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten. A análise foi realizada com os programas SatScan 9.4 e Stata 14.0. Resultados. Clusters com taxas de detecção de 41,3, 44,4 e 188,1 casos/10 000 nascidos vivos foram identificados em 2001, 2009 e 2017, respectivamente. Em 2001, as taxas foram 8 vezes maiores nos clusters do que no restante do país; em 2009, foram 3,3 vezes maiores; e, em 2017, 2,5. Detectou-se uma tendência crescente na infecção por SC em todas as regiões e unidades da federação. As taxas foram 8,53 vezes maiores nos neonatos cujas mães não realizaram pré-natal (243,3 casos/1 000 nascidos vivos vs. 28,4 casos/1 000 nascidos vivos em mães com pré-natal). Conclusões. A identificação de aglomerados de municípios com alto risco para SC e de tendências crescentes de infecção por SC em todo o país, mesmo na presença de pré-natal, indicam a necessidade de melhoria nas ações de saúde pública para o combate dessa doença.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of feeding licuri cake to lambs on the sensory characteristics, physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid (FA) profile of meat from lambs. Forty-four crossbred Santa Ines lambs (21.2 ± 2.70 kg body weight; 6 months old) were housed in individual pens and fed 4 experimental diets, containing 0, 8, 16 or 24% licuri cake (DM basis). The averages concentrations of ash (11.4), pH (5.82), lightness (38.1), cooking loss (26.8) or shear-force resistance (2.48) of lamb meat were not affected by the licuri cake diets. However, there was a linear decrease (P < 0.01) of redness and chroma indexes, lipid and protein contents, whereas the moisture content of the meat (P < 0.001) increased linearly due to the inclusion of licuri cake in lambs’ diets. The licuri cake inclusion in the lambs feed linearly increased (P < 0.05) the fatty acids concentrations of C12:0, C17:0, C20:0, C20:1, C18:3, C20:3, C20:4 and ΣPUFA/ΣMUFA ratio, Σω–3 and atherogenicity index (AI). However, C18:1 cis, C20:2, C20:5, ΣMUFA, ΣMUFA/ΣSFA and Σω–6:Σω–3 ratios in the longissimus lumborum of lambs linearly decreased by licuri cake inclusion. There was a quadratic increase (P < 0.05) on C14:0 (maximum point 4.94 g/100 g FAME to 14.5% licuri inclusion), C16:1 (maximum point 8.59 g/100 g FAME to 10.7% licuri inclusion) and enzymatic activities of Δ9-desaturase C16 (maximum point 27.5 g/100 g FAME to 10.6% licuri inclusion) in the longissimus lumborum of lambs fed due to increased concentrations of licuri cake. However, there was a quadratic decrease (P = 0.04) in ΣPUFA/ΣSFA ratio with minimum concentration of 0.63 g/100 g FAME to 11.1% inclusion. The inclusion of licuri cake in the lambs diet did not change (P > 0.05) the concentrations of SFA C10:0, C15:0, C16:0, C18:0, C14:1, MUFA C18:1 trans, PUFA C18:2 cis, CLA, total sum of ΣSFA and ΣPUFA, desirable fatty acids (DFA), hypocholesterolemic:hypercholesterolemic index, and elongase and Δ9-desaturase C18 enzymes. Licuri cake in the lamb diet improved (P < 0.05) meat aroma, flavor and overall acceptance by consumers. Licuri cake inclusion in the diet of lambs improves sensory attributes of meat and the meat fatty acid profile becomes nutritionally healthier for the human diet because do not affect major FA of meat; however, the growth performance of finishing lambs is reduced.
Objective: to analyze trends of hospitalization for ambulatory care-sensitive cardiovascular conditions (ACSCC). Methods: this was an ecological study of time series of rates of hospitalization for ACSCC in the municipality of Senador Canedo, GO, Brazil, 2001-2016; we used data from the Hospital Information System and population estimates provided by the Inter-Agency Health Information Network (RIPSA) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE); the Prais-Winsten method was used to analyze trends. Results: we used data on 3,244 hospitalizations for ACSCC; there was decreasing trend in the rate of hospitalizations for ACSCC (annual increase rate [AIR] =-8.14-95%CI-11.78;-4.35) and in the heart failure rate (AIR =-12.07-95%CI-14.75;-9.30); hospitalization rate time trends for hypertension, angina and cerebrovascular diseases were stationary. Conclusion: rates of hospitalization for ACSCC and heart failure decreased, however rates for hypertension, angina and cerebrovascular diseases remained constant.
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