IMPORTANCEThe efficacy of vitamin D 3 supplementation in coronavirus disease 2019 remains unclear.OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a single high dose of vitamin D 3 on hospital length of stay in patients with COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 2 sites in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The study included 240 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who were moderately to severely ill at the time of enrollment from June 2, 2020, to August 27, 2020. The final follow-up was on October 7, 2020.INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of 200 000 IU of vitamin D 3 (n = 120) or placebo (n = 120). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was length of stay, defined as the time from the date of randomization to hospital discharge. Prespecified secondary outcomes included mortality during hospitalization; the number of patients admitted to the intensive care unit; the number of patients who required mechanical ventilation and the duration of mechanical ventilation; and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, total calcium, creatinine, and C-reactive protein. RESULTSOf 240 randomized patients, 237 were included in the primary analysis (mean [SD] age, 56.2 [14.4] years; 104 [43.9%] women; mean [SD] baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, 20.9 [9.2] ng/mL). Median (interquartile range) length of stay was not significantly different between the vitamin D 3 (7.0 [4.0-10.0] days) and placebo groups (7.0 [5.0-13.0] days) (log-rank P = .59; unadjusted hazard ratio for hospital discharge, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.82-1.39]; P = .62). The difference between the vitamin D 3 group and the placebo group was not significant for in-hospital mortality (7.6% vs 5.1%; difference, 2.5% [95% CI, -4.1% to 9.2%]; P = .43), admission to the intensive care unit (16.0% vs 21.2%; difference, -5.2% [95% CI, -15.1% to 4.7%]; P = .30), or need for mechanical ventilation (7.6% vs 14.4%; difference, -6.8% [95% CI, -15.1% to 1.2%]; P = .09). Mean serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D significantly increased after a single dose of vitamin D 3 vs placebo (44.4 ng/mL vs 19.8 ng/mL; difference, 24.1 ng/mL [95% CI, 19.5-28.7]; P < .001). There were no adverse events, but an episode of vomiting was associated with the intervention.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, a single high dose of vitamin D 3 , compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce hospital length of stay. The findings do not support the use of a high dose of vitamin D 3 for treatment of moderate to severe COVID-19.

Introduction The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-month Balance Training Program on balance, mobility and falling frequency in women with osteoporosis.

In women with overweight/obesity, ASM adjusted for fat seems to be the more appropriate criteria for sarcopenia diagnosis. This finding has relevant public health implications, considering the high prevalence of overweight/obesity in older women.

This study suggested that the optimal criteria for sarcopenia should be selected according to BMI in community-dwelling older men.

A prática de corrida de média e longa distância tem crescido em todo o mundo. Apesar de todos os efeitos benéficos da prática de corrida, tem-se observado uma elevada incidência de lesões, sobretudo em membros inferiores. O mecanismo de lesão relacionada à corrida obedece a um padrão comum a todas as lesões nos diferentes esportes e decorre da sobreposição de dois ou mais fatores. Os objetivos desse estudo foram: 1) relatar prospectivamente a incidência de lesões osteomioarticulares em corredores amadores durante 12 meses de seguimento; e 2) detectar os principais fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos para as lesões encontradas. Dezoito corredores (13 homens e cinco mulheres) amadores foram selecionados para participarem do estudo. Eles foram submetidos a uma avaliação clínica com exame físico completo e do aparelho locomotor, avaliação nutricional, exames laboratoriais, teste ergométrico, avaliação da densidade mineral óssea e composição corporal e radiografia dos pés no período basal e após um ano de seguimento. Aqueles que apresentaram alguma lesão foram comparados com seus pares que não lesionados, considerando-se as diversas variáveis coletadas. Metade da amostra (50%) apresentou alguma lesão osteomuscular em membros inferiores no período do estudo. Os fatores de risco significantemente associados foram graus de extensão de joelho e flexão plantar diminuídos, frequência cardíaca de repouso menor e velocidade de treino maior. A alta frequência de lesões osteomioartculates nestes corredores de longa distância esteve associada a fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos. A avaliação clínica deve ser focada nesses parâmetros com intuito de prevenir lesões em corredores.