Abstract. Measuring rain rates over complex terrain is afflicted with large uncertainties, because rain gauges are influenced by orography and weather radars are mostly not able to look into mountain valleys. We apply a new method to estimate near surface rain rates exploiting attenuation data from commercial microwave links in the alpine region of Southern Germany. Received signal level (RSL) data are recorded minutely with small data loggers at the towers and then sent to a database server via GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). Due to the large RSL fluctuations in periods without rain, the determination of attenuation caused by precipitation is not straightforward. To be able to continuously process the RSL data from July 2010 to October 2010, we introduce a new method to detect wet and dry periods using spectral time series analysis. Its performance and limitations are presented, showing that the mean detection error rates of wet and dry periods can be reduced to 10 % for all five links. After, the wet/dry classification rain rates are derived from the RSL and compared to rain gauge and weather radar measurements. The resulting correlations differ for different links and reach values of R 2 = 0.81 for the link-gauge comparison and R 2 = 0.85 for the link-radar comparison.

Abstract. For a comprehensive comparison with theoretical models and advanced numerical turbulence simulations, a large spectrum of fluctuation parameters were measured on the devices ASDEX Upgrade, TCV, and Tore-Supra. Radial profiles of scale-resolved turbulence levels in H-mode discharges are measured and compared with GENE simulations in the transition range from ion-temperature-gradient to trappedelectron-mode turbulence. Correlation reflectometry is used to study the microscopic structure of turbulence and GAMs in discharges where poloidal flow damping was varied by means of variations of the shape of the poloidal plasma cross-section and collisionality. The aspects of turbulence spreading and non-local transport in response of local changes in density and temperature gradients are studied during phases with ECRH power modulation by means of radial correlation measurements and an ultrafast reflectometer. Full-wave codes and synthetic diagnostics are applied for the interpretation of the data.

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