The goal of this study was to collect and analyse information on the prevalence of childhood migraine and disability due to migraine in primary school children of 4th to 8th grades (ages ranging from 9 to 17 years) in the Aydin urban area. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted between March and June 2004. There were 76 333 children of 4th to 8th grades in primary schools in Aydin. Nearly 10% of this population (7721 out of 76 333) was evaluated by a multistage clustered sampling procedure. Four questionnaire forms were applied to each child by a study neurologist during class time. Questionnaire A consisted of a single question, 'Have you ever had a headache?'. To those who responded 'yes', questionnaire B was applied as a second step, which consisted of eight questions. Diagnosis of migraine headache was made according to International Classification of Headache Disorders 2004. Migraine disability was measured with questionnaire C, which was originally the Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment (PedMIDAS). Migraine history, previous migraine diagnosis and pain intensity were measured with questionnaire D. According to questionnaire A, 79.6% of boys and 87.1% of girls suffered from headaches. The prevalence of migraine was 9.7% (7.8% in boys, 11.7% in girls) according to questionnaire B. The male:female ratio was 1:1.5. Total PedMIDAS score was 9.94 +/- 8.41 days in boys and 11.50 +/- 12.28 days in girls. Only 1.9% of the children had previously been diagnosed with migraine. The average migraine headache history was 2.48 +/- 1.18 years in girls and 2.57 +/- 1.18 years in boys. Although migraine is a common health problem among school children in Aydin, it is mostly still under-recognized.

Objectives: Fabry's disease is an X-linked inherited, rare, progressive, lysosomal storage disorder, affecting multiple organs due to the deficient activity of α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme. The prevalence has been reported to be 0.15–1% in hemodialysis patients; however, the information on the prevalence in chronic kidney disease not on dialysis is lacking. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Fabry’s disease in chronic kidney disease.Methods: The patients older than 18 years, enclosing KDIGO 2012 chronic kidney disease definitions, not on dialysis, were enrolled. Dried blood spots on Guthrie papers were used to analyze α-Gal A enzyme and genetic analysis was performed in individuals with enzyme activity ≤1.2 μmol/L/h.Results: A total of 1453 chronic kidney disease patients not on dialysis from seven clinics in Turkey were screened. The mean age of the study population was 59.3 ± 15.9 years. 45.6% of patients were female. The creatinine clearance of 77.3% of patients was below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, 8.4% had proteinuria, and 2.5% had isolated microscopic hematuria. The mean value of patients’ α-Gal A enzyme was detected as 2.93 ± 1.92 μmol/L/h. 152 patients had low levels of α-Gal A enzyme activity (≤1.2 μmol/L/h). In mutation analysis, A143T and D313Y variants were disclosed in three male patients. The prevalence of Fabry’s disease in chronic kidney disease not on dialysis was found to be 0.2% (0.4% in male, 0.0% in female).Conclusion: Fabry’s disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic kidney disease with unknown etiology even in the absence of symptoms and signs suggestive of Fabry’s disease.

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Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute inflammatory autoimmune polyradiculoneuritis. Progressive motor weakness and areflexia are essential for its diagnosis. Hyperreflexia has rarely been reported in the early healing period of Guillain-Barré syndrome following Campylobacter jejuni infection in patients with acute motor axonal neuropathy with antiganglioside antibody positivity. In this study, we report a 12-year-old girl presenting with complaints of inability to walk, numbness in hands and feet, and hyperactive deep tendon reflexes since the onset of the clinical picture, diagnosed with acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy type of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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