The aim of this article is to understand the relationship between two of the Sustainable Development Goals (UN Agenda 2030) – Good health and well-being (SDG 3) and Clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) – and the statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic (number of cases and deaths) in Brazilian cities. To analyze this relationship, we used secondary data from public organizations on the SDG panorama by city and conducted a moderated regression analysis. The sample was composed of 649 cities with a population exceeding 50 thousand inhabitants. The results show that the higher were the indicators used to measure SDGs, the lower was the number of cases and deaths from the disease. We have also proved that cities’ population density and their distance from the pandemic epicenter moderate this relationship, since a higher level of these moderation variables increases the impact of a lower level of SDGs 3 and 6 coverage in society on the number of cases and deaths from COVID-19. Thus, the efficient and effective investment to reach SDGs 3 and 6 is directly associated with cities’ ability to successfully deal with infectious diseases and the resulting number of deaths. As for its contribution, this research innovates by establishing a model for analyzing the impact of compliance with SDGs on cities’ performance in their fight against COVID-19, which may also suit other nations.
Esta pesquisa objetivou identificar a vulnerabilidade associada à saúde e às dimensões social e econômica dos moradores dos bairros de Fortaleza quanto à pandemia Covid-19. Em seus aspectos metodológicos, o estudo exploratório-descritivo de natureza quantitativa mensurou a vulnerabilidade dos bairros da cidade de Fortaleza em três etapas: i. Vulnerabilidade Ampla – constituída por vínculos empregatícios, renda anual e pobreza extrema presente em cada bairro; ii. Vulnerabilidade Territorial – formada por aspectos relacionados às esferas econômica e sociodemográfica; iii. Vulnerabilidade das condições de Saúde – constituída, além das vulnerabilidades anteriores, por fatores como oferta de serviços de saúde. Os resultados do mapeamento ressaltaram a divisão econômica e social presente em Fortaleza. Enquanto os bairros mais ricos se destacam na análise por apresentarem uma alta vulnerabilidade econômica, ligada à produção, os mais pobres se destacam pela alta vulnerabilidade social. Essa discrepância suscita a possibilidade de existência de duas crises pandêmicas distintas exigindo a formulação de estratégias completamente diferentes para impedir os seus avanços. Destaca-se, ademais, uma preocupação adicional relacionada ao combate da Covid-19 nas Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social, contextos sociais marcados pela pobreza e precariedade da estrutura pública.
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