Lumbar discectomy is one of the most commonly performed neurosurgical procedure. Far lateral disc herniations (FLDH) make up a minor portion of the total discectomy workload for spine surgeons. Due to their lower incidence, as well as their different anatomical positioning compared to the more common para-median disc herniation, the surgical procedures involved in releasing the neural compression caused by FLDHs are often challenging and at times frustrating to most spine surgeons, resulting in suboptimal outcomes for the patient related to the higher risk of spinal instability from facet joint disruption and may even be associated with nerve root injury. We discuss here a safe and simple approach to tackle FLDH.
Subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common neurosurgical pathology, characteristically recognised on plain CT and can be treated with simple and effective surgical intervention. In contrast, dural metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate with SDH and malignant extension into the subdural membranes is extremely rare. We describe the case of a 62-year old Caucasian male, provide a brief review of the literature, and explore the potential role of neoangiogenesis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in SDH development.
We describe a patient with persisting fevers, a progressive pulmonary infiltrate, and high levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase. No underlying cause for these changes was found prior to her death despite extensive investigations. Postmortem tissue revealed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and subsequent brain examination revealed vascular changes in keeping with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL). On review, subtle yet extensive lymphomatous infiltrates involved the vasculature of multiple other organs, including the lungs. Aspergillosis is a relatively rare presenting feature of lymphoproliferative disorders, and IVLBCL is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with, to our knowledge, very few case reports to date. Lymphoma should be considered in patients presenting with pneumonitis with bilateral lung infiltrates on imaging, with a high serum level of lactate dehydrogenase.
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