The formation of stable back beads in the first layer weld during one side multilayer welding is important to achieve high quality welded metal joints. The authors thus employed the switch back welding method for welding V groove joints without using backing plates. Moreover, in the field work, there is misalignment of both metal plates during set-up. The suitability of the welding conditions for each root gap and the misalignment were verified by observation of the arc, molten pool and external appearance of back beads. Welding conditions, namely, welding current, wire feedrate, weaving width, forward/backward stroke of switch back motion and welding speed, were controlled continuously according to root gap variations. Stable back beads were obtained for root gaps between 4 . 9 and 2 . 3 mm and misalignments between 0 . 1 and 2 . 8 mm. STWJ/393
Full penetration control of the weld pool in the first layer of a single side multilayer weldment is important to obtain a good quality weld. For this purpose, a new method, the switchback welding method, is proposed to achieve a stable back bead. A welding torch not only weaves along the groove, but also moves back and forth. Also, a neural network (NN) arc sensor is proposed that estimates the wire extension and the arc length by using measurements of both voltage and current. Moreover, from the output of the NN, the gap and the error (deviation) of the oscillation centre of the torch from the groove centre are estimated. Training data are constructed from experimental results, and performance of the NN arc sensor is examined using test data. Seam tracking is carried out via the output of the NN arc sensors: a good tracking result is obtained.
A digital computer control system is proposed for improving the stability of the weld pool shape in MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding. This paper deals with a application of adaptive control and image processing to welding robot. In a welding system, parameters vary by the change in the base metal thickness while operating. In order to obtain the desirable response of theory was applied to the control of the weld pool width.
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