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Objective: Although deep vein thrombosis (DVT) followed by pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) is a critical complication during pregnancy, there have been few reports about its intrapartum management. We evaluated intrapartum management by using a temporary inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) in pregnant women with PE/DVT.Materials and Methods: Eleven women with PE/DVT during pregnancy between January 2004 and December 2016 were included. The patients were hospitalized for intravenous unfractionated heparin infusion after acute PE/DVT onset. Seven patients were discharged and continued treatment with subcutaneous injection of heparin at the outpatient unit. IVCF was implanted 1–3 days before delivery in 10 patients. Anticoagulant therapy was discontinued 6–12 h before delivery. We retrospectively analyzed rates of maternal or perinatal death, and recurrence of symptomatic PE/DVT.Results: One patient was diagnosed as having PE/DVT and 10 had DVT alone. One patient suffered hemorrhagic shock during delivery; however, maternal or perinatal death and recurrence of symptomatic PE/DVT did not occur in any patient.Conclusion: Maternal or perinatal death and recurrence of symptomatic PE/DVT was not seen in women diagnosed as having PE/DVT during pregnancy and treated with anticoagulant therapy and IVCF.

Increased heart rate (HR) is associated with cardiovascular events (CVE) not only in the general population and individuals with cardiovascular risk factors, 1-6 but also in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). 7,8In patients with heart failure (HF), it is well established that low HR is associated with significantly lower rates of CVE. 9 Current evidence strongly supports the use of β-blockers (BBs) in HF patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF). Although it is known that higher doses of BBs are associated with significantly lower rates of CVE, 9-11 a low dose of β-blocker is also effective if