Background: A preliminary biometric and ecologic database for the brine shrimp Artemia from Mexico and Chile is presented. The area abounds in small and seasonal ponds and large inland lakes, the latter mainly located in Mexico, although relatively large and isolated lakes are found in complex hydrological settings in pre-high plateau areas of Chile. This paper summarizes research efforts aimed at the localization, characterization, and evaluation of the aquaculture potential of Artemia populations in Mexico and Chile, which exhibit great habitat diversity (ponds, salterns, coastal lagoons, sea arms, coastal and inland lakes), contrasting weather conditions and different levels of isolation and human intervention.
Recibido en agosto de 1999; aceptado en febrero de 2000
RESUMENSe evaluaron los porcentajes de eclosión de quistes de cuatro poblaciones de Artemia franciscana autóctona de México y en los nauplios obtenidos se cuantificaron los niveles de bacterias heterótrofas viables (VHB) y de bacterias con capacidad de crecer en el medio de agar tiosulfato-citrato-sales biliaressacarosa (TCBSB). La mayor eficiencia de eclosión (71.8%) se dio en los quistes de Texcoco y fue nula en los quistes de Yavaros. Las VHB presentaron niveles de abundancia semejantes en todas las muestras,
The goal of this study was to establish the biometric characteristics of cysts and nauplii of seven Artemia populations from Mexico, covering aspects related with the normal and decapsulated cysts diameter, chorion thickness, and nauplii instar I length. Cysts used for the experiment were collected in their natural habitat, cleaned, dried, and stored in the laboratory. One hundred measurements for each of the variables where done with an Olympus optical microscope equipped with a digital camera and an automated image analyzer program. To determine differences in the mean values of variables among populations, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with post hoc Tukey pairwaise comparison tests. In hydrated cysts, Tukey´s analysis showed no significant differences between the pairs: Yavaros/Cuatro Cienegas and Cuatro Ciénegas/Texcoco. For the diameter of decapsulated cysts the same analysis indicated no significant differences in Yavaros/Cuatro Ciénegas, Yavaros/Texcoco, and Cuatro Cienegas/Texcoco. Comparisons of naupliar lengths among Yavaros/Ohuira, Real Salinas/Cuatro Cienegas, and San Luis Potosi/Texcoco did not reveal differences. The Texcoco, San Luis Potosí, Yavaros, and Ohuira populations had smaller naupliar lengths than those of the San Francisco Bay populations. It is advisable to use these populations in larviculture and to consider their cultivation in their own habitats as possible viable projects.
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