Any differences in the symptomatic outcome of laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplication appear minimal. There is no reason to tailor the degree of fundoplication to preoperative oesophageal manometry.

Laparoscopic floppy Nissen fundoplication is an effective and durable treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Longer-term follow-up of patients operated on beyond the learning curve can be expected to show further improvements in surgical outcome.

This study has demonstrated a low rate of overnight stay (14.3 per cent) and readmission (1.9 per cent), and a high degree of patient satisfaction for day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

MIO is technically feasible. It does not reduce pulmonary complications or length of stay. Oncological outcomes appear equivalent.

LSTC without cystic duct ligation is an alternative to open conversion when dissection of Calot's triangle is hazardous. Bile leaks are predictable and readily managed.