The objective of this research was to investigate the time-dependent behaviors of yarns, which have significant bearings upon the properties of stretch fabrics made from them. In this study, 100% wool, wool-lycra (W-L) (97 : 3), and polyester-wool-lycra (P-W-L) (52 : 45 : 3) blended yarns were considered. These yarns were subjected to the tensile fatigue failure, stress relaxation, and creep experiments. The findings showed that of these three yarns, P-W-L blend exhibited maximum fatigue lifetime, stress retention, and creep recovery, the pure wool yarn followed suit albeit to a lesser extent, whereas the W-L blend made it least. The investigation suggests that wool alone with lycra as a core component is not sufficient to impart the expected properties upon stretch fabrics, rather a blend of polyester and wool with lycra as in the former would definitely make a worthwhile product.
Introduction:
Although rotor modulation targeting atrial fibrillation (AF) drivers or substrates has been proposed as one of the effective ablation strategies for non-paroxysmal AF (Non-PAF), previous meta-analyses demonstrated that ablation added to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) did not result in the expected outcome. This is because the optimal method of detection of rotors and ablation strategy remain unclear. Recently, rotor detection using LGE-MRI-based computer simulations has been shown to be effective for Non-PAF ablation in clinical practice. Our study aimed to establish the minimal ablation strategy that, while correctly finding the rotors, also avoids iatrogenic atrial tachyarrhythmias due to excessive ablation.
Hypothesis:
By prioritizing and classifying detected rotors, reentrant drivers (RDs) of AF rather than passive rotors (PRs) could be identified, thereby offering an optimal ablation strategy.
Methods:
Personalized computational modeling of AF ablation was performed in 10 Non-PAF patient models based on fibrosis data from LGE-MRI. In each bi-atrial model, all rotors induced outside of PVI were investigated, and a number of ablation strategies were examined sequentially to classify rotors and achieve minimal ablation (figure). A rotor that terminated following ablation of another rotor was defined as PR. A rotor that persisted and needed to be ablated to achieve non-inducibility of the substrate was defined as RD.
Results:
Seven patients had rotors outside of PVI, with 6 having both PRs and RDs. Overall, 35 rotors were induced, 13 in left atrium and 22 in the right; 17 were RDs and 18 PRs. In addition, the density of fibrosis in the sites of RDs was significantly higher than in those of PRs (p=0.031).
Conclusion:
The sequential computer simulation strategy to predict ablation targets using a personalized AF model is promising in detecting different types of rotors and establishing the optimal minimum-lesion ablation strategy.
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