The "Guidelines for the management of dermatomycosis" of the Japanese Dermatological Association were first published in Japanese in 2009 and the Guidelines Committee of the Japanese Dermatological Association revised it in 2019. The first guidelines was prepared according to the opinions of the Guidelines Committee members and it was of educational value. The revised version is composed of introductory descriptions of the disease concepts, diagnosis, medical mycology and recent advances in treatment, along with clinical questions (CQ), which is intended to help in general practice for dermatologists. The CQ are limited to those involved in therapy but include some of the recently launched antifungal agents. The level of evidence and the degree of recommendation for each item were reviewed by the committee based on clinical studies published by 2018. For rare dermatomycoses, recommendations by the committee are described in the guidelines. In this field, there are still few good quality studies on treatment. Periodic revision in line with new evidence is necessary.
Rat erythrocytes contained ganglio-series gangliosides, GM1, fucosyl GM1, and GD1a, in a high concentration. The concentrations of GM1, fucosyl GM1, and GD1a in rat erythrocyte ghosts were 889.0 nmol, 470.6 nmol, and 462.0 nmol per g dry weight, respectively, and the molar ratio of lipid-bound sialic acid, cholesterol and lipid-bound phosphorus was 3.1:73.9:100.0. The reactions of fucosyl GM1 and GM1 on rat erythrocytes with rabbit anti-fucosyl GM1 and anti-GM1 antisera were measured by means of haemolysis in the presence of complement and a binding assay of antibodies with a FACS after staining erythrocytes by the indirect membrane immunofluorescence technique. When measured by ELISA, anti-fucosyl GM1 antiserum was found to react almost exclusively with fucosyl GM1 with a slight cross-reaction with GM1, but anti-GM1 antiserum cross-reacted to a significant extent with asialo GM1. Rat erythrocytes were haemolyzed specifically with anti-fucosyl GM1 antiserum, but not with antisera to GM1, asialo GM1, asialo GM2, Forssman and globoside, and the haemolysis was proved to be definitely caused by the specific recognition of fucosyl GM1 on rat erythrocytes by anti-fucosyl GM1 antibody according to the haemolysis inhibition reaction using various glycosphingolipid-containing liposomes as inhibitors. In addition, although the binding of anti-fucosyl GM1 antibody on rat erythrocytes was clearly demonstrated with a FACS, anti-GM1 antibody did not bind. The observations that the haemolysis of rat erythrocytes and the binding of antibody to rat erythrocytes were found only with anti-fucosyl GM1 antiserum, and not with anti-GM1 antiserum, but that nevertheless the titer of anti-GM1 antiserum was higher than that of anti-fucosyl GM1 antiserum and GM1 on rat erythrocytes was more abundant in concentration than fucosyl GM1, seem to be a matter of great importance in assessing the specificity of anti-ganglioside antibody and the surface distribution of gangliosides on the cell.
Dermoscopic findings for 17 cases of lichen planus-like keratosis (LPLK) were chronologically evaluated. Three males and 14 females were included in the study and the ages ranged from 43 to 85 years (median 65 years). Three cases were diagnosed based on stereotypical dermoscopic findings, while the other 14 cases were histopathologically diagnosed as LPLK. Dermoscopy photographs were divided into four groups depending on the number of days (D) from the initial visit: 1) D = 0 (initial visit or biopsy day); 2) D = 61 to 180; 3) D = 181 to 270; 4) D = 271 to 360. Dermoscopic findings, described as light brown pseudonetwork, pinkish area, gray pseudonetwork, annular granular structures, and blue-gray fine dots, were evaluated at every visit to the hospital.Initial dermoscopy features included light brown pseudonetworks due to residual solar lentigo and overlapping pinkish areas attributed to lichenoid inflammation. Annular granular structures and gray pseudonetwork appeared to be the main features of the regressing stage; these features seemed to progress to “blue-gray fine dots” in the late regressing stage. Blue-gray dots or globules reflecting melanophages, the hallmark dermoscopic features of LPLK, were believed to resolve in approximately one to two years. Based on the clinical and dermoscopic observations, we have specified five stages of evolution of LPLK, namely 1) pre-existing solar lentigo, 2) early inflammatory stage, 3) early regressing stage, 4) regressing stage, and 5) late regressing stage.The limitations of the study are that this is a small-sized, retrospective, observational study and that ethnicity of participants is limited to Japanese patients with skin phototype III.
Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare cutaneous neoplasm that mainly affects elderly people and grows slowly over a long period of time but often experiences an accelerated growth phase. Eccrine porocarcinoma may arise de novo or evolve from a pre-existing benign eccrine poroma. We reported a 86-year-old Japanese woman presenting with two reddish-colored pendulated lesions on a keratotic light brown plaque on the right thigh. Dermoscopic examination of the light-brown plaque demonstrated many whitish globular structures in a light-brown background. At the two reddish-colored pendulated lesions, polymorphous and prominent vessel proliferation was observed together with irregularly shaped whitish negative network. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated a positive CEA staining at ductal structures and atypical clear cells of reddish nodules. A diagnosis of eccrine porocarcinoma arising in a pigmented hidroacanthoma simplex was eventually established, and the dermoscopic features of eccrine porocarcinoma from hidroacanthoma simplex was described for the first time.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.