Starting from readily available (S)-styrene oxide an asymmetric synthesis is described of the naturally occurring anti-HIV spirolactone (-)-hyperolactone C, which possesses adjacent fully substituted stereocenters. The key step involves a stereocontrolled Rh(II) -catalysed oxonium ylide formation-[2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of an α-diazo-β-ketoester bearing allylic ether functionality. From the resulting furanone, an acid-catalysed lactonisation and dehydrogenation gives the natural product.
Berberine azide, berberine thiocyanate, and 8-cyano-8H-berberine were prepared from berberine chloride, a quaternary protoberberine alkaloid. The molecular and crystal structures of all compounds are reported and discussed.
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