BackgroundDengue is an acute febrile illness caused by an arbovirus that is endemic in more than 100 countries. Early diagnosis and adequate management are critical to reduce mortality. This study aims to identify clinical and hematological features that could be useful to discriminate dengue from other febrile illnesses (OFI) up to the third day of disease.MethodsWe conducted a sectional diagnostic study with patients aged 12 years or older who reported fever lasting up to three days, without any evident focus of infection, attending an outpatient clinic in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between the years 2005 and 2008. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify symptoms, physical signs, and hematological features valid for dengue diagnosis. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to define the best cut-off and to compare the accuracy of generated models with the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for probable dengue.ResultsBased on serological tests and virus genome detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 69 patients were classified as dengue and 73 as non-dengue. Among clinical features, conjunctival redness and history of rash were independent predictors of dengue infection. A model including clinical and laboratory features (conjunctival redness and leukocyte counts) achieved a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 71% and showed greater accuracy than the WHO criteria for probable dengue.ConclusionsWe constructed a predictive model for early dengue diagnosis that was moderately accurate and performed better than the current WHO criteria for suspected dengue. Validation of this model in larger samples and in other sites should be attempted before it can be applied in endemic areas.
Substance use in this group of medical students is not widespread compared to rates reported for developed countries. Preventive efforts should focus on alcohol and cannabis use by medical students.
O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a experiência de construção coletiva do mapa de risco em um hospital público, no município do Rio de Janeiro, fundamentada nos conceitos de biossegurança, qualidade total e vigilância em saúde do trabalhador. Partiu da etapa de sensibilização dos trabalhadores e gestores do hospital, da identificação dos riscos, da elaboração do mapa, até a discussão sobre as medidas preventivas e a apresentação dos resultados pelos trabalhadores em centro de estudos. A elaboração do mapa de risco serviu como um processo educativo, que possibilitou socializar conceitos da área de saúde do trabalhador, integrar os trabalhadores, sistematizar o processo de trabalho e refletir sobre a forma de organização do trabalho, gerando desdobramentos práticos sob o ponto de vista da intervenção no ambiente de trabalho.
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