Abstract. In this paper we propose an improved multi-byte differential fault analysis of AES-128 key schedule using a single pair of fault-free and faulty ciphertexts. We propose a four byte fault model where the fault is induced at ninth round key. The induced fault corrupts all the four bytes of the first column of the ninth round key which subsequently propagates to the entire tenth round key. The elegance of the proposed attack is that it requires only a single faulty ciphertext and reduce the search space of the key to 2 32 possible choices. Using two faulty ciphertexts the attack uniquely determines the key. The attack improves the existing DFA of AES-128 key schedule, which requires two faulty ciphertexts to reduce the key space of AES-128 to 2 32 , and four faulty ciphertexts to uniquely retrieve the key. Therefore, the proposed attack is more lethal than the existing attack as it requires lesser number of faulty ciphertexts. The simulated attack takes less than 20 minutes to reveal 128-bit secret key; running on a 8 core Intel Xeon E5606 processor at 2.13 GHz speed.
Abstract. In this paper we present a theoretical analysis of the limits of the Differential Fault Analysis (DFA) of AES by developing an interrelationship between conventional cryptanalysis of AES and DFAs. We show that the existing attacks have not reached these limits and present techniques to reach these. More specifically, we propose optimal DFA on states of AES-128 and AES-256. We also propose attacks on the key schedule of the three versions of AES, and demonstrate that these are some of the most efficient attacks on AES to date. Our attack on AES-128 key schedule is optimal, and the attacks on AES-192 and AES-256 key schedule are very close to optimal. Detailed experimental results have been provided for the developed attacks. The work has been compared to other works and also the optimal limits of Differential Fault Analysis of AES.
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