The ACK family tyrosine kinase SID-3 is involved in the endocytic uptake of double-stranded RNA. Here we identified SID-3 as a previously unappreciated recycling regulator in the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine. The RAB-10 effector EHBP-1 is required for the endosomal localization of SID-3. Accordingly, animals with loss of SID-3 phenocopied the recycling defects observed in ehbp-1 and rab-10 single mutants. Moreover, we detected sequential protein interactions between EHBP-1, SID-3, NCK-1, and DYN-1. In the absence of SID-3, DYN-1 failed to localize at tubular recycling endosomes, and membrane tubules breaking away from endosomes were mostly absent, suggesting that SID-3 acts synergistically with the downstream DYN-1 to promote endosomal tubule fission. In agreement with these observations, overexpression of DYN-1 significantly increased recycling transport in SID-3deficient cells. Finally, we noticed that loss of RAB-10 or EHBP-1 compromised feeding RNAi efficiency in multiple tissues, implicating basolateral recycling in the transport of RNA silencing signals. Taken together, our study demonstrated that in C. elegans intestinal epithelia, SID-3 acts downstream of EHBP-1 to direct fission of recycling endosomal tubules in concert with NCK-1 and DYN-1.

Carbonation process of calcium-based sorbent, as a promising technique for CO2 capture, was examined in a fixed-bed reactor. A method was established to calculate the exact adsorption capacity using CO2 Non-Dispersive Infrared Radiation (NDIR) analyzer as the analytical unit. The factors affecting the carbonation process of calcium-based sorbent were investigated thoroughly. The conversion and adsorption capacity of sorbent reached 65% and 41%, respectively, when CO2 partial pressure was 0.01 MPa at 600 °C, exhibiting an obvious advantage in terms of a relatively low carbonation temperature. The results showed a first-order reaction with respect to CO2 partial pressure. Increasing carbonation pressure was an effective method to improve adsorption capacity, and conversion and adsorption capacity of sorbent achieved 85% and 53% at 1.3 MPa, respectively. The existence of water was beneficial to the carbonation process and the influence can be explained by the process of water hydration of CaO. The Random Pore Model (RPM) was applied to describe the carbonation process in the reaction-controlled stage and the predicted data obtained from the model showed good accordance with the experimental results.

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