Background and Objectives: The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score (KJOC-SES) is a reliable and sensitive tool used to measure the performance and function in overhead athletes with shoulder and elbow injuries. This study aimed to culturally adapt and validate the KJOC-SES questionnaire in the Persian language. Materials and Methods: A total number of 341 healthy competitive overhead athletes took part in this cross-sectional study and completed the KJOC-SES questionnaire. To assess the reliability of the KJOC-SES, 41 professional volleyball players filled out the questionnaire at the baseline and after a 4-week interval, during the off-season. Also, we compared the scores of KJOC-SES with those of the sports/performing arts module of disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand and the 12-item short-form health survey to test the construct validity. Moreover, we investigated the internal consistency and the concurrent validity of all measures. Results: The KJOC-SES was correlated with the sports/performing arts module of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (r=−0.559, P<0.001), and the 12-item short-form health survey (r=−0.505, P<0.001). The KJOC-SES had an excellent internal consistency (the Cronbach alpha=0.92). Also, the intra-class correlation coefficients of test-retest reliability for the 10 items of KJOC-SES were excellent (ICC=0.82, P<0.001). The new score correctly stratified overhead athletes by the injury category (P<0.001). Conclusion: The KJOC-SES is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the shoulder and elbow injuries in Iranian overhead athletes.
Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the crosscultural adaptation of the Persian version of the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) in Iranian tennis players with lateral epicondylitis. Materials and Methods: The original version of the PRTEE questionnaire was translated into the Persian language by two bilingual translators in accordance with the instructions provided by Beaton et al. One hundred and two tennis players (64 males and 38 females) suffering from lateral epicondylitis and 40 tennis player with no lateral epicondylitis participated in this study. In order to determine the construct validity, the correlation between the Persian version of the PRTEE and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH) were all investigated. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined from two different aspects of the test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Results: There was a high correlation between PRTEE and DASH questionnaires (r = 0.88). The coefficient of Cronbach's alpha for the total score of the PRTEE questionnaire was 0.96 and the intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient for the total score was 0.95. There was a significant difference in the scores of patients (M=45.56, SD=20.56) and healthy (M=7.23, SD=5.5) tennis players; (t =17.31, P<0.0001). Conclusion: The Persian version of the PRTEE questionnaire to assess pain and functional problems in patients with lateral epicondylitis is highly reliable and valid in this setting.
Background: Spasticity and muscle weakness are the primary impairments that result in activity limitation after stroke. Functional mobility is the ability to transfer independently from one place to another that depends on the extent of impairments affecting body function. The knowledge of relationship between the physical consequences of stroke and functional limitation helps therapist to implement the most effective rehabilitation approach to improve mobility. Objective: The purpose of this study was to clinically assess the relationship between spasticity and lower extremity strength with functional mobility in hemi paretic stroke subjects. Methods: In this cross sectional analytical study using a convenience sampling, 30 (18 men, 12 women) participants with post stroke duration of 3-24 months participated. Spasticity of knee extensor and ankle plantar flexors was evaluated with Modified Tardieu scale. Lower extremity strength was measured with Motricity Index. Functional mobility was assessed by the Rivermead mobility index, Timed Up and Go test, 6 Min Walk Test and 10-Meter Walk Test. For analysis of data the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Results: The results showed that there was no statistical significant relationship between the lower extremity spasticity and all functional mobility variables. The lower extremity strength and functional mobility variables were significantly correlated (p<0.05, r>0.70). Conclusion: It seemed that lower extremity spasticity was not correlated to functional mobility after stroke. The rehabilitation for decreasing lower extremity spasticity would not be functionally efficient. There should be increased focus on rehabilitation of lower extremity strength in order to enhance functional mobility.
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