Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a subclass of noncoding RNAs, are reportedly involved in the progression of various diseases. However, the exact role of circRIMS1, also termed hsa_circ_0132246, in human bladder cancer remains unknown. By performing RNA sequencing comparing bladder cell lines and normal uroepithelial cells, circRIMS1 was selected as a research object. We further verified by qRT-PCR that circRIMS1 is upregulated in both bladder cancer tissue and cell lines. Proliferation, colony-formation, Transwell migration, invasion, apoptosis, western blotting, and
in vivo
experiments were utilized to clarify the roles of circRIMS1, microRNA (miR)-433-3p, and cell cycle and apoptosis regulator 1 (CCAR1). For mechanistic investigation, RNA pulldown, fluorescence
in situ
hybridization (FISH), and luciferase reporter assay confirmed the binding of circRIMS1 with miR-433-3p. Inhibition of circRIMS1 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells both
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Moreover, the circRIMS1/miR-433-3p/CCAR1 regulatory axis was confirmed to be responsible for the biological functions of circRIMS1. Taken together, our research demonstrated that circRIMS1 promotes tumor growth, migration, and invasion through the miR-433-3p/CCAR1 regulatory axis, representing a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in bladder cancer.
The adrenal gland and urinary bladder are rare localizations of metastases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In the present study, a case of metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland and urinary bladder of clear cell-type RCC (ccRCC) in the left kidney is reported in a male who had undergone left radical nephrectomy at 55 years of age. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass in the right adrenal gland 5 years following surgery, and type-B ultrasound demonstrated a 1.0-cm solid space-occupying lesion in the right wall of the bladder. Consequently, laparoscopic right adrenalectomy and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor were performed. Furthermore, based on histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining, the patient was pathologically diagnosed with contralateral adrenal gland and urinary bladder metastasis of ccRCC. CT performed at the 1-year follow-up detected multiple solid space-occupying lesions in the right kidney. Therefore, the patient was treated with sunitinib targeted therapy. To date, the patient is generally in good condition, without evident drug side effects or complaints of discomfort.
Background
Bladder cancer is the second most prevalent neoplasm in the urogenital system in terms of morbidity and mortality, and there is an urgent need for a more accurate assessment of individual prognosis in patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is an emerging biomarker score which has been confirmed to have prognostic value in various malignant tumors. The study attempted to systematically identify the prognostic role of preoperative CONUT score on posttreatment recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with NMIBC, and determine the predictive value and feasibility of the new prognostic prediction model.
Methods
A total of 94 patients with NMIBC were analyzed retrospectively between January 2011 and December 2015. Statistical analysis was conducted using the nonparametric method. The Kaplan-–Meier method was used to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS), and Log rank tests was used to analyze the equivalences of survival curves. We used univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model to identify important predictors of RFS. Discrimination of nomogram was measured by the concordance index. Predictive accuracy of the model was evaluated using the internal validation.
Results
In univariate analysis, age, history of smoking, pathological T stage, tumor grade, tumor size, and CONUT score were significantly correlated with RFS. Multivariate analysis indicated that CONUT score (HR =3.855, 95% CI 1.242–11.970, p=0.020) was an independent predictor of RFS in patients with NMIBC. Based on significant parameters in multivariate analysis and reliable recurrence predictors determined in predictive models and relevant guidelines, a new age-, history of smoking-, pathologic factors- and the CONUT score-based scoring model was developed to predict recurrence of NMBIC. In addition, we internally validated the nomogram using the consistency index and calibration plots, which demonstrated that the model has high prediction accuracy (c-index= 0.851).
Conclusion
The development of a new nomogram based on CONUT score could increase the accuracy of recurrence prediction and improve individualized treatment plans for patients with NMIBC.
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