Figure 1. a) The Ragone plots showing specific power against specific energy of traditional supercapacitors and electrochemical batteries. The arrows show the trends toward greater specific power for batteries and specific energy for supercapacitors. The time constant represents the charge/discharge rate. LTO: lithium titanium oxide. Reproduced with permission. [4] Copyright 2020, Springer Nature. b) Carrier mobility of some 2D materials. [41-53] c) A schematic diagram showing graphene nanoribbon with armchair and zigzag edges. The-C-OH and-CH terminated zigzag edges have similar band structure, while the-CH 2 , C=O, and C 2 O terminated zigzag edges are all metallic. d) Comparison of the areal capacitance values between graphene plane, armchair, and zigzag edges, with and without considering the SASA. e) A schematic diagram showing the synthesis route of full zigzag graphene nanoribbon. The U-shaped monomer 1 and the monomer 1a were designed for the synthesis. Reproduced with permission. [60] Copyright 2016, Springer Nature. f,g) High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images of activated graphene sheets with f) wrinkled surface and g) pentagon-heptagon structure. Reproduced with permission.

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