Background: Preeclampsia was a syndrome of hypertension proteinuria in pregnant women. In failure of pseudo vasculogenesis, there is persistency of endothelial and smooth muscle cell of vessel wall in spiral artery. Spiral artery could not be emphasis and lead to relative hypoxia, and oxidative stress in placental tissues. Endothelial cell has property to produce nitric oxide (NO) that can dilated vessel. Placenta also produces prorenin, to maintain vascular wall tonicity. Therefore, we want to uncover the property of placenta is there any capacity of prorenin, is that prorenin could overcome the NO level, or is there any depression of NO production, and any oxidative stress.Methods: This observational study was used case-control design. We search preeclampsia cases during September-December 2015. We used preeclampsia placentas from early and late onset. We collect preeclampsia placentas from Cipto Mangunkusumo and normal placentas from Budi Kemuliaan Hospital. We used 30 preeclampsia placentas and 30 normal placentas. Markers measured were NO and prorenin. NO was measured using colorimetric assay kit (K262-200/ BioVision), and prorenin was measured using human prorenin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ab157525/ Abcam). Glutathione (GSH) was measured using Ellman method and malondialdehyde (MDA) using Wills method. Results:Prorenin concentration between normal and preeclampsia placenta was analyzed using Mann-Whitney and show that there had no significant difference between preeclampsia and normal placentas (p=0.23). Besides, NO data analyzed using independent t-test show significant differences between preeclampsia and normal placentas (p=0.001). The difference between normal and preeclampsia GSH concentration was not significant (p=0.757), besides the difference between normal and preeclampsia MDA concentration was significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: NO concentration in preeclampsia placenta was increase, higher than normal placenta. There was no effect of preeclampsia on prorenin concentration and GSH. There was marked decrease of MDA in preeclampsia placentas.
Background: Preeclampsia was a syndrome of hypertension proteinuria in pregnant women. In failure of pseudo vasculogenesis, there is persistency of endothelial and smooth muscle cell of vessel wall in spiral artery. Spiral artery could not be emphasis and lead to relative hypoxia, and oxidative stress in placental tissues. Endothelial cell has property to produce nitric oxide (NO) that can dilated vessel. Placenta also produces prorenin, to maintain vascular wall tonicity. Therefore, we want to uncover the property of placenta is there any capacity of prorenin, is that prorenin could overcome the NO level, or is there any depression of NO production, and any oxidative stress.Methods: This observational study was used case-control design. We search preeclampsia cases during September-December 2015. We used preeclampsia placentas from early and late onset. We collect preeclampsia placentas from Cipto Mangunkusumo and normal placentas from Budi Kemuliaan Hospital. We used 30 preeclampsia placentas and 30 normal placentas. Markers measured were NO and prorenin. NO was measured using colorimetric assay kit (K262-200/ BioVision), and prorenin was measured using human prorenin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ab157525/ Abcam). Glutathione (GSH) was measured using Ellman method and malondialdehyde (MDA) using Wills method. Results:Prorenin concentration between normal and preeclampsia placenta was analyzed using Mann-Whitney and show that there had no significant difference between preeclampsia and normal placentas (p=0.23). Besides, NO data analyzed using independent t-test show significant differences between preeclampsia and normal placentas (p=0.001). The difference between normal and preeclampsia GSH concentration was not significant (p=0.757), besides the difference between normal and preeclampsia MDA concentration was significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: NO concentration in preeclampsia placenta was increase, higher than normal placenta. There was no effect of preeclampsia on prorenin concentration and GSH. There was marked decrease of MDA in preeclampsia placentas.
Tanaman tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) dan wijayakusuma (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) merupakan tanaman bahan obat tradisional yang mampu mempercepat kesembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian kedua ekstrak tanaman tersebut terhadap ginjal yang diamati secara histopatologi. Penelitian menggunakan marmut, sebanyak 24 ekor, yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok. Kelompok I diberi salep vaselin sebagai kontrol (K), Kelompok II (P1) diberi salep ekstrak tapak dara konsentrasi 15%, Kelompok III (P2) diberi salep ekstrak wijayakusuma konsentrasi 15%, dan Kelompok IV (P3) diberi salep kombinasi ekstrak tapak dara dan wijayakusuma konsentrasi 15%. Setelah tujuh hari pertama pemberian perlakuan, tiga ekor marmut dari setiap kelompok dikorbankan nyawanya kemudian dinekropsi dan tiga ekor yang masih hidup diberi perlakuan hingga hari ke-14 lalu dikorbankan nyawanya dan dinekropsi. Setelah dinekropsi pada minggu pertama dan kedua, organ ginjal diambil untuk kemudian diproses pembuatan preparat histologi. Proses pembuatan preparat histopatologi dilakukan dengan metode Kiernan dan pewarnaan hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kelompok yang diberi kombinasi ekstrak daun tapak dara dan wijayakusuma, tampak lesi degenerasi melemak, kongesti, perdarahan dan nekrosisnya paling ringan dibandingkan kelompok yang diberi ekstrak daun tapak dara atau wijayakusuma secara tunggal. Kesimpulannya adalah pemberian kombinasi ekstrak daun tapak dan wijayakusuma konsentrasi 15% pada terapi kesembuhan luka paling baik terhadap kesehatan ginjal dibandingkan pemberian ekstrak daun tapak dara atau wijayakusuma secara tunggal.
The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia increased overtime. CS ranges from 15 to 40% from all ischemic strokes. Finding the etiology of ischemic stroke is important to prevent recurrence. AF is predicted as the etiology behind CS. The current recommendation only supports short period of ECG monitoring. However, studies have shown that a higher detection rate can be achieved with longer duration of monitoring. ICM, a diagnostic tool with the highest detection rate, is still considered cost-effective when the calculation takes into account the QALY gained. Digital health tools such as handheld devices and smartwatch ECG have revolutionized the screening of AF however it is still considered as pre-diagnostic and verification is needed to confirm the rhythm generated.
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