Knowledge on premarital genotyping and sickle cell disease among youths could constitute an important variable that influences their choice of spouse. The study assessed the knowledge on premarital genotyping and Sickle Cell Disease among youths in Mairi Ward, Jere Local Government area of Borno State, North-eastern Nigeria.
Cancer is a major public health issue that has impoverishing effects on households. This study assessed the payment coping mechanism of households affected by cancer among patients attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria. This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey involving 179 cancer patients attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria during the year 2015. They were recruited using systematic sampling technique. Questionnaire was used to collect data assisted by two research assistants from the oncology clinic. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation and Chi-square was used to test for association between payment coping mechanism utilized by the patients across different socio-economic groups. The payment coping mechanism utilized by majority (78%) of the respondents was own money (salary, earnings, savings), followed by family members (46.6%), gifts from friends and neighbours (29.6%), borrowed money/loan (27.4%) and sale of lands (12.3%). Few respondents (14%) utilized payment coping mechanism from sales of household assets, community based support, cancer association, temporary stoppage of children education, social welfare/social worker, skip appointments and other unidentified mechanisms. This study also revealed that, majority (79.33%) of the respondents were among the lower socio-economic group, 15.64% were among the middle socio-economic group while only 5.03% belong to the upper socio-economic group. The Chi-square test of association revealed that, there is a significant difference p-value of 0.000 < 0.05 between the payment coping mechanisms utilized by cancer patients and their households across different socio-economic groups (lower, middle and upper). Out of pocket spending is the major payment coping mechanism for cancer treatment in the study population. The study recommends that, since cancer management is critical to the survival of the patient, Nigerian health insurance coverage should be expanded to include cancer treatment in order to protect patients and their households from ill-health mediated insolvency.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection can lead to malnutrition, while poor diet can in turn speed the infection progression. As human immunodeficiency virus treatment becomes increasingly available in the poorest parts of the world, the question now is, how well the drugs work in people if they are short of food. This study unveiled information about the dietary pattern of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) attending antiretroviral clinic of General Hospital Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was carried out at the Antiretroviral Clinic of General Hospital Kafanchan, Kaduna with a sample size of 422 people living with HIV/AIDS selected by systematic sampling technique. Questionnaire was used to collect data with the help of two trained research assistants from the antiretroviral clinic to ensure objectivity and confidentiality. Data was analysed descriptively using frequency and percentages while chi-square was used to test for association between the socio-demographic variables; age, sex, marital status, highest educational attainment and occupation of the respondents with their dietary pattern, at 95% confidence interval using statistical package for social sciences version 20.0 computer software programme. Even though consumption of food rich in minerals and vitamins such as fruits and vegetables was 72.8% (300), eating twice per day was 54.6% (225) and taking adequate diet once per day was 51% (210), the dietary pattern of the respondents was considered to be average. The occupation of the respondents was found to have significant association (p = 0.000) with their dietary pattern. Adequate diet is very important for the people living with HIV/AIDS. Hence, people infected with HIV should make every effort to adopt healthy and balanced nutrition patterns in order to meet their increased protein and energy requirements and maintain their nutritional status.
The study examined the influence of environment and gender on career choice among secondary school students in Kaura Local Government of Kaduna State. A descriptive research design was used and 18 secondary schools were clustered into three chiefdoms to draw a sample of 6 secondary schools using purposive sampling technique. Also, a sample of 422 students from a population of 3558 students from the three Chiefdoms was drawn using cluster sampling technique. The study developed and used a questionnaire tagged 'Environment, Gender and Career Choice Questionnaire (EGCCQ)' with correlation coefficient of 0.78. The students' career choice was based on the adoption of Career Interest Survey (CIS) and Vocational Interest Inventory (VII) developed by Bakare (1977). Descriptive statistics of simple percentage was used for the research question generated, while inferential statistics of multiple regression analysis was employed to analyse the null hypotheses developed for the study and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that students had preferences for career choice based on gender and environment. There was a significant composite influence of environment and gender on career choice among secondary school students in Kaura Local Government of Kaduna State, with the influence of environment being relatively than that of gender. It is therefore recommended among others that students should be well counselled in the choice of career process by professional counsellors and they should take into consideration the immediate environment of the students, their gender, interest, ability, skills and personality.
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