Bhamra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Fetal hydantoin syndrome is a rare disorder that is believed to be caused by exposure of a fetus to the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin. The classic features of fetal hydantoin syndrome include craniofacial anomalies, prenatal and postnatal growth deficiencies, underdeveloped nails of the fingers and toes, and mental retardation. Less frequently observed anomalies include cleft lip and palate, microcephaly, ocular defects, cardiovascular anomalies, hypospadias, umbilical and inguinal hernias, and significant developmental delays. Anaesthesia for incidental surgery in such a patient poses unique challenges for the anesthesiologist. We report the successful management of a 4-year-old male child with fetal hydantoin syndrome, cleft palate, spina bifida, atrial septal defect, and dextrocardia for tibialis anterior lengthening under subarachnoid block.
Introduction Physiotherapeutic rehabilitation are used to optimize functional recovery following a distal radial fracture (DRF). Being most common upper limb fracture in all age groups, the DRF peaks in young men and in post-menopausal women with incidence ratio of 1:4. Leap motion control based rehabilitation of patients with DRF is limited. This research aims to assess the efficacy of leap motion control based rehabilitation in patients with DRF. Methods In an randomized parallel group trial, subjects (n = 40) with DRF will be recruited. The participants will be enrolled into either experimental or control group with 1:1 allocation ratio. Following the primary assessment and allocation, the participants in experimental group will receive both leap motion control and conventional therapy over a period of six weeks. Participants in conventional group would undergo only conventional therapy. The primary outcome measures will be Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and Universal goniometer however the grip strength and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be used as secondary outcome measures. Purpose of the study The findings of this trial will examine the impact of leap motion control in DRF patients with conventional therapy on improving the functional activity, range of motion (ROM), grip strength and pain. Expected clinical implications To conclude, this research seeks to examine the rapid and long term effects of leap motion control in DRF patients. The study findings would help prospective patients with DRF, which may include a newly designed approach of rehabilitation.
A 22-years-old lady presented with obstructed labor with a probable preoperative diagnosis of bladder/urethral injury. When a laparotomy was performed there was a complete urethral disruption at the vesicourethral junction with a big anterior forniceal tear in the vagina with intact uterus and cervix. The fetus had pushed itself through the upper vagina and bladder neck into the extraperitoneal space leading to complete urethrovesical disruption as a result of prolonged pressure on the vesicourethral junction against pubic symphysis for which an end to end anastomosis was performed. Although trauma has been mentioned as a cause of such urethral disruption in the literature, no such case has been reported so far following obstructed labor. A brief discussion of various surgical options for such cases is discussed.
Introduction: Physiotherapeutic rehabilitation is used to optimize functional recovery following a distal radial fracture. Being the most common upper limb fracture in all age groups, the DRF peaks in young men and in post-menopausal women with an incidence ratio of 1:4. To date, however, work on leap motion control based rehabilitation of patients with distal radius fracture is limited. This research aims to assess the efficacy of immersive virtual reality in patients with DRF. Methods: In an experimental study, subjects (n = 40) with DRF will be recruited. The participants will be enrolled into either an experimental or control group with 1:1 allocation ratio. Following the primary assessment and allocation, the participants in the experimental group will receive both leap motion control and conventional therapy over a period of 6-week. Participants in the conventional group would undergo only conventional therapy. Throughout the treatment duration and following 6 weeks, daily living activity performance, the hand function and mental status will be assessed in the form of questionnaires.Discussion: The goal of this experimental study is to examine the impact of leap motion control after DRF on improving the functional activity and in turn quality of life. Conclusion: To conclude, this research seeks to examine the rapid and long term effects of leap motion control in DRF patients. The study findings would help prospective patients with DRF, which may include a newly designed approach to rehabilitation.
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