Employee motivation and citizenship behaviours have become important issues in human resource development (HRD). This study examines the relationship between employee motivation, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours (OCB). The objectives of this research have two folds: (1) to show to what extent does employees' motivation in the Egyptian governmental sector can affect OCB. (2) To investigate the mediation role of employees' engagement in the employee motivation-citizenship behaviours relationship. This study was applied at Ministry of Civil Aviation (MOCA) where a sample consists of 300 employees working in (MOCA) were chosen based on their participation in the "future leaders program (FLP)" implemented by the ministry as part of Egyptian strategy 2030. The participants of the FLP were chosen by the ministry based on two criteria: having postgraduates' qualification and aged between 30 and 45. A mixed design that combining both qualitative and quantitative methods was applied through questionnaires, in-depth interviews and PLA (Participatory Rapid Approach) using focus groups. A statistical SPSS used to test the hypothesized relationships regression, correlation, Hierarchal multiple regression analysis was used. The study' results revealed that OCB can be developed throughout the application of extrinsic motivation more than intrinsic motivation among employees in the MOCA. The mediation role of employees' engagement was supported. The study recommended that Ministry should increase the engagement task for highly qualified employees in clear structure tasks.
Business leaders are facing an uncertain issue regarding what extent their actions and decisions are responsible for the sustainable development supported by Responsible Employees. Although, several papers are discussing the concept of Responsible Leadership (RL) and Sustainable Leadership (SL). However, there is still an important missing element connected to these two leadership approaches which are Responsible Employee/s (RE). The purpose of this paper is to explore how Responsible Leadership and Sustainable Leadership affect Responsible Employees (RE). The study will examine the impact of two leadership approaches on RE. A sample of 250 employees and future leaders’ positions working in the 18 factories and companies located in Egypt responded to a four parts questionnaire measuring research variables (Responsible Leadership, Sustainable Leadership and Responsible Employees). This study applies statistical analysis using SPSS, regression analysis, correlation, and structure equation module applied for this study. The finding of this study shows that Sustainable Leadership fully mediates the relationship between Responsible Leadership and Responsible Employees.
During the last years, leaders in the business world face uncertainty regarding how their decision and actions are considered responsible. While numerous papers have discussed the Responsible Leadership (RL) concept, a few models presented the concept. Still, the existing contributions to RL do not present a clear conceptual framework from the point of view of theoretical-practical. This paper aims to present a theoretical conceptual, logical, and dimensional framework for the RL phenomenon debates in the literature. The methodology used a qualitative approach applying focuses group discussion with 45 leaders in 20 factories and companies located in Egypt in different industries. Also, this paper reviews various recent literature and previous models for discussing the RL concept. The suggested model covering this area is new and innovative based on four existing models and presents a new definition of the RL phenomenon.
Emotional intelligence is one of the most important personal trait linking to leadership in a way of assisting and developing the desired skills needed for those leaders applying effective leadership. There is a lack in the research literature related to leadership style in the Military Production Factories (MPFs) sector in Egypt. There is great attention and initiative to the reform in governmental sector in Egypt. This study considered as a baseline study for identifying the dominant leadership style in MPF. Military production industry sector includes 20 factories and companies lead by the Ministry of Military production (MOMP). The factories produced Military and non-military production. The sector includes 33546 employees. The selected organisation (MPF) works under the authority and supervision of the Ministry of military production (MOMP) in Egypt, however the majority of worker, including top, and middle line management are civilian. This study investigates the style of leadership mainly transformation and transactional leadership. The scale of the questionnaire was developed based on two sources and references to measure this relationship between the independent variable emotional intelligence and dependent variable leadership style. This study uses statistical tools SPSS including regression, correlation, Cronbach's alpha.The result on the level of Leadership, First, -study shows that female employee of the MOMP have a tendency towards a high level of transformational leadership style behavior more than male managers in the MOMP. Confirmed by Mandell and Pherwani, 2003). Second, Males' leadership style more oriented to the style of transactional style of leadership (confirmed by Strickland, 2008). On the level, emotional intelligence females scored higher than male in emotional intelligence. Furthermore, the dimensions of emotional intelligence (emotion attention, emotional clarity and Emotional repair (women scoring higher in emotional repair the most).
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