The genus of mosquitoes is also one of the important factors affecting the diversity of bacteria; the aim of the current research is to isolate the types of bacteria from adult mosquitoes that grow near stagnant water ponds in Baghdad Governorate, in order to collect information about bacterial species common in mosquitoes present in the area.
MethodsA number of Culicidae mosquito specimens were collected from Abu Ghraib, Baghdad, and the isolation of microorganisms from mosquitoes after prepared culture media and then a biochemical study of the identification characteristics of bacterial isolates was done.
ResultSome morphological traits were studied, and their production of catalase and oxidase enzymes was determined; 2×10 3 bacterial cells/ml of different genera and species were isolated on a solid agar nutrient medium for insect models. Bacterial colonies appeared with shapes ranging from pinworms to colonies with flat edges, white color, and smooth surfaces, and some types of fungi were isolated with a number of 1×10 2 cells/ml. Bacterial cells were isolated on the optional MacConkey medium, only less than 100 cells/ml when using the direct method, and the number reached 1×10 2 bacterial cells/ml for some models. Many Bacillus isolates were isolated, and the cells that formed the spores appeared in rods of different sizes, and the shape and location of the spores differed from the mother cells, where the isolate Bacillus species appeared in small-sized cells with a medial cylindrical spore and in the form of thin rod-shaped cells with a cylindrical spore. The spores are large, medium in size, and from the mother cell, while the sporophyte took a subterminal position in isolate Bacillus spp. The sporophyte appeared in a barrel shape, the average of the parent cell in the isolate, and the spheroid was mediated by the parent cell, and the cells of the isolate were characterized by their small size and the location of the sporophyte under the two ends where the most isolated were Bacillus, Enterobacteriaceae species.
ConclusionSeveral types of bacteria accompanying mosquitoes were isolated, Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus faecalis, which cause many diseases in humans and need molecular diagnosis to confirm the isolated species more accurately.
The results of the present study, which aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of Lambdacyhalothrin 10% and alcoholic extracts of Datura innoxia fruits in the control of fourth larval instar and adults of the phlebotomus papatasi , indicated that the highest mortality percentage of the larval instar was 100% in concentration 3 μL / ml, and the lowest mortality percentage of 33.3% at the lowest concentration of 0.05 μL / ml. The results of adult treatment were the highest mortality percentage of 93.33% at the concentration of 3 μL / ml and the lowest mortality percentage were 20% at concentration of 0.05 μL / ml after 24 Hour of treatment.
The results of the treatment of the fourth larval instar with the Datura innoxia fruits extracts showed that the highest mortality percentage was 100% for the concentration of 2000 ppm and the lowest of 13.3% at 75 ppm. The highest mortality percentage of adults insects was 100% when treated with the most effective concentrations (1600, 2000ppm). Thus, the results are shown to be affected by the control method used and the interaction of the insect larval instar to this method. In the end, there was a convergence of the effect of the insecticide and extract in the larval instar and adults insect.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of some plant extracts of Helianthus annuus L., Sesbania sesban and Olea europea concentrations 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ppm. and the effect of Nd: YAG laser with wavelength of( 1064nm) and different energies which conducted at (10,15 and 20) within (5 pulses/sec) to destruction of the Tribolium castaneum, the study found different results according to the different concentrations used, time period and the different energies of the laser during the treatment. Treatment with plant extracts The extract of the Helianthus annuus L. was hightst to the rest of the plant extracts. It gave a 100% mortality rate at 5000 ppm concentration 72 hours of treatment. Then the seesban seed extract came in terms of effect, giving 96.6% mortality rate at the same concentration after 72 hours. While the effect of Olea europea extract was the last impact"on the insect, where the rate of mortality 86.5% in the same concentration also and within ( 72 hours ) of treatment.
The results showed that the effect of laser radiation on the life of the insect, where it gave the highest mortality rate 73.6% when irradiation at the highest power of 420mj and exposure time 20Sec. the results were obtained after observation of the effect of plant extracts and Nd : YAG at different time intervals 24, 48 hours and 72 hours after the treatment of the Tribolium castaneum .
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