Aim. The purpose of the research is to quantify the agroecological response of plants and the bio‐productivity of crops to irrigation using electrochemical water treatment technology. Material and Methods. The study was carried out using the tomato (Solanum lycoparsicum, hybrid Pink Paradise F1) in a protected ground culture as an example. The experimental site is located in the dry‐steppe zone of light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region (48о56΄46˝N44о51΄45˝E). The magnitude of the electrochemically initiated shift of the redox potential of irrigation water and the options for combining the use of electrochemically treated water were taken as variable experimental factors. Results. It was established that the magnitude of the electrochemically initiated shift of the redox potential of irrigation water has a predominant effect on the estimated biometric indicators: the coefficient of variation of the indicators for this factor reached 9.5‐38.0%. The influence of the method of using electrochemically treated water is estimated at 4.12‐10.24%, but regarding net assimilation the significance of this factor is not statistically proven. The highest estimates of linear growth – 2.21 m, maximum leaf area – 43.4 thousand m2/ha, accumulated biomass – 13.39 t/ha, photosynthetic potential – 3617 thousand m2 days/ha and tomato biological yield – 140.0 t/ha, obtained by the combined use of a catholyte for vegetation and fertilizer irrigation with an electrochemically initiated shift of the redox potential (‐500) mV. Conclusion. The studies have proved the statistical significance of the biometric response of tomato plants to the use of water with electrochemically altered redox potential for vegetation and fertilizer irrigation.
Purpose: development of agricultural technologies that ensure soil fertility conservation by selecting (adaptation) special soil protection methods in relation to the actual energy indicators of solid runoff, a certain combination of which will allow maintaining soil fertility or keeping it at a scientifically based level under critical erosional conditions, with the creation of an innovative tool. Materials and methods. The value of solid soil phase washout during the studies conducted on corn crops under conditions of critical erosional slopes was determined on runoff sites, which are the field sections equipped with measuring devices (tanks) isolated from the surrounding area (with the help of metal frames). Results. An adaptive technology that combines the application of 60 t/ha of semi-decomposed manure, the implementation of operational planning and moling, the use of differentiated moistening of a soil layer of 0.4–0.7 m, depending on the development of the corn root system with irrigation rates respectively 360–500 cub. m has been selected. The technology provides an acceptable limit of soil solid washout, less than the set scientifically based value. To intercept surface (liquid and solid) runoff, both distributed and rill, an innovative drawn tool has been developed that forms the artificial “water-bearing” subsurface reservoirs and surface “mini-reservoirs” based on an intermittent furrow and intermittent slotting, created in the time of their joint trenching and providing the accumulation of the irrigation rate. Conclusions. The developed technology and tool design make it possible to implement erosion-preventive methods with a differentiated irrigation regime, which ensures the environmental safety and soil fertility conservation of irrigated lands.
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