Background: Neonatal septic arthritis deserves a special attention due to its subtle signs and symptoms and catastrophic consequences. There is paucity of literature regarding the clinical profile and predictors of outcome in neonatal septic arthritis. Objectives: The objective was to study the clinical profile of neonates admitted with septic arthritis, their clinical and radiological outcomes on follow-up, and factors that predict outcomes. Methodology: Neonates with septic arthritis as assessed by retrospective case sheet review were included. Prospective data collection of clinical and radiological outcomes was done during follow-upvisits. Children with good outcomes (controls) were compared to those with poor outcomes (cases) subsequently to identify the predictors of outcomes using a nested case–control design. Results: Data of 70 neonates admitted with septic arthritis were collected. Single joint involvement was common (75.8%), and hip joint was the most common joint involved. Gram-negative organisms were predominant (72%), and Klebsiella was the most common organism isolated from joint aspirate (36%), followed by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Of 52 babies who turned for follow-up, half had poor outcomes. In univariate analysis,multiple joint involvement (odds ratio [OR] 4.79, [confidence interval (CI): 1.14-20.21]), pre-intervention period ?7 days (OR 92, [CI: 14.06-601.9]), culture positive joint aspirate (OR 3.70, [CI: 1.55-11.86]), and restricted range of joint movements at discharge (OR 83.3, [CI: 9.2-749.9]) were significantly associated with poor outcomes. Pre-intervention period ?7 days (adjusted OR 107.99, [CI: 5.16-2258.8]) and restricted joint mobility at discharge (adjusted OR 139.53, [CI: 9.03-2154.04]) were the independent predictors of poor overall outcome by logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Long pre-intervention period and restricted joint mobility at discharge were independent predictors of poor outcome in neonatal septic arthritis. We emphasize the importance ofearly diagnosis, prompt referral to tertiary centers, timely surgical intervention, appropriate measures to ensure good joint mobility, and regular follow-up in these neonates to achieve best outcomes.

Objective Neonatal sepsis is associated with abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes but not with poor growth at 9 to 15 months of corrected age in LBW infants. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a prospective cohort study involving 128 eligible preterm low-birth-weight (LBW) infants admitted during the period of 2013-2014 to the Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital and Research Center. All patients were followed up in the outpatient Department of Pediatrics. They were divided into the sepsis and nonsepsis group. Results A total of 94 infants were evaluated (40 in sepsis and 54 in nonsepsis group). At the age of 9–15 months, low-birth-weight infants with neonatal sepsis had an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (67.5 versus 20.3%; RR: 3.31 (1.87–5.85)). There is no statistically significant difference in the growth outcomes. Conclusion Neonatal infections are associated with the abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes in LBW infants but there was no significant difference at growth outcome at 9 to 15 months of corrected age between both groups.

Methods: Data of 254 children aged between 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition admitted in nutritional rehabilitation center at department of pediatrics, Gandhi hospital, was analyzed retrospectively. Identification and treatment of severe acute malnutrition was done according to world health organization recommendations. Results: The recovery rate, death rate, defaulter rate, mean (SD) weight gain & mean (SD) duration of stay in the nutritional rehabilitation center were 51.42%, 3.54%, 28.57%, 8g/kg/day, 14.2 days respectively. Conclusions: Nutritional rehabilitation centers are effective in management of severe malnutrition and also in decreasing the case fatality rates.

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Background: Human milk banking depends on donations and characterization of donors seems important. We aimed to determine prevalence of human milk donors and profile of regular donors and their infants.Methods: Cross-sectional study done on human milk donors in model HMB in tertiary NICU for six months.  Donors who had donated for more than 30% of their hospital stay considered as regular donors. Their sociodemographic and clinical profile along with their infant status recorded from history, examination and health records.Results: Prevalence of Human milk donors in our HMB was 71.3% and that of regular donors was 27.08%. 616 eligible to donate. 234 regular donors included separating 382 defaulters. Excluding 17, 217 regular donors enrolled. Religious beliefs did not deter donation. 65.43% had school education. 90% donors belonged to middle socioeconomic class. Three fourths already had 2 living children. Majority delivered vaginally (62.67%) in health facility offering level II neonatal NICU care (42.86%). Regular donors stayed in hospital with their sick infants for mean (SD) period of 13 (4.21) days. Mean (SD) Post-natal age of commencement of milk donation among regular donors was 9 (3.47) days. Breast-feeding rate was 87.09%. Regular donors had delivered very low birth weight (42.86%), SGA (53.46%) infants who stayed in hospital for mean (SD) duration 18 (6.86) days.Conclusions: The prevalence of Human milk donors in our HMB was 71.3%. Only one third of them were regular donors. No religious barriers for donation observed. Educated socioeconomically secure multiparous donors made sustained donations. Health status and length of Postnatal stay in hospital of mothers and infants seemed to have a bearing on sustained donation.