This reports on a review on Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP) Technology. It is a renewable energy technology that can become the world's main source of electricity in the future. This technology provides clean, reliable and environmentally friendly energy. CSP systems are divided into line focusing systems and point focusing systems. The later systems produce high temperature concentrations. They also have higher efficiencies compared to their counterparts. However, CSP efficiencies in general need to be improved. There are a number of factors that affect their efficiency and hence the on-going research on how to improve on CSP efficiency. South Africa is in a virtue of using CSP technology as it seems viable in this country due to high average annual Direct Normal Irradiance as experienced in places such as the Northern Cape in South Africa.
Globally, attention has majorly been focused on pollution and exhaustion of fossil fuels allied to the conventional energy sources while the non-conventional energy/renewable energy sources have always been considered clean and environmentally friendly. Of the two, the non-conventional (renewable) is being preferred because it is believed to be more environmentally friendly. Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs) especially Solar Photovoltaics have seen many plants being constructed to either supplement the grid or as alternatives for those far from the grid. Solar Photovoltaics plants occupy large tracts of land which would have been used for other economic activities for revenue generation such as agriculture, forestry or tourism in archaeological sites. The negative impacts slow down the application of Solar PV , but a modelling tool that can easily and quantitively assess the impacts in monetary form would accelerate the Solar PV application. The work presents a developed modelling tool that is able to assess not only the techno-economic impacts but also the environmental impacts in monetary form, for one to be able to determine the viability of a plant in a given region. The results are compared with those of HOMER software.
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