Membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics (MDPs) are antimicrobials or anticarcinogens that present a general killing mechanism through the physical disruption of cell membranes, in contrast to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, which act on precise targets such as DNA or specific enzymes. Owing to their rapid action, broad-spectrum activity, and mechanisms of action that potentially hinder the development of resistance, MDPs have been increasingly considered as future therapeutics in the drug-resistant era. Recently, growing experimental evidence has demonstrated that MDPs can also be utilized as adjuvants to enhance the therapeutic effects of other agents. In this review, we evaluate the literature around the broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and anticancer activity of MDPs, and summarize the current development and mechanisms of MDPs alone or in combination with other agents. Notably, this review highlights recent advances in the design of various MDP-based drug delivery systems that can improve the therapeutic effect of MDPs, minimize side effects, and promote the co-delivery of multiple chemotherapeutics, for more efficient antimicrobial and anticancer therapy.
The three-dimensional
(3D) printing technology combined with bone
tissue engineering has become one of the major methods for mandibular
reconstruction. However, the key factor retarding mandible reconstruction
is the barrier of understanding and achieving the complex 3D gridwork
formed by the trabeculae. This study innovatively constructed a low-temperature
3D printing silk fibroin/collagen/hydroxyapatite (SF/COL/HA) composite
scaffold with a stable structure and remarkable biocompatibility.
We designed three kinds of six-layer scaffolds with mixed fiber cross-angle
structures (FCAS) of [0°/90°/0°/90°/0°/90°],
[0°/45°/90°/135°/180°/225°] and [0°/30°/60°/90°/120°/150°].
Material properties of these scaffolds such as porosity, water absorption
rate, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,
and compression performance were detected. Then, the MC3T3-E1 cells
were seeded on these scaffolds and the adhesion, proliferation, and
differentiation were investigated. To be more convincing, the same
experiments were performed on another polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite
scaffold. The results suggested that the changes of FCAS affected
the mechanical properties of 3D printed scaffolds and performance
of seeded cells. Besides, the 90° FCAS significantly enhanced
the compressive modulus in two groups and were more conducive to the
cell proliferation and osteogenesis, which provided evidence for exploring
the influence of FCAS on the properties of scaffolds and the application
of two composite scaffolds in tissue regeneration.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.