The most common oral manifestation of elevated levels of ovarian hormones, as seen in pregnancy or oral contraceptive usage, is an increase in gingival inflammation with an accompanying increase in gingival exudate. This gingivitis can be avoided or at least minimized by establishing low plaque levels at the beginning of pregnancy or the beginning of oral contraceptive therapy. It would appear that bacteria are not solely responsible for the gingivitis seen during these times, nor are the ovarian hormones solely responsible for the condition. Data from numerous studies suggest that the ovarian hormones alter the microenvironment of the oral bacteria so as to promote their growth and shifts in their populations. The present article reviews the current state of knowledge concerning the relationship of gingivitis to elevated levels of ovarian hormones, and describes the role that these hormones may play in the gingivitis associated with pregnancy or oral contraceptive usage.
Bulimia nervosa is a psychological compulsive eating disorder that appears to be affecting a growing number of young women. It is characterized by repeated episodes of binge-eating followed by vomiting or some other purging behavior. Bulimia is accompanied by a number of physiological disturbances, some of which occur in the oral cavity. The present article reviews the major characteristics of bulimia nervosa, and describes the most significant oral manifestations of this disorder along with their reported incidences and etiologies.
The synthesis of di-(2 -pyridylmethyl) amine, Z-aminoethyl-(2-pyridyimethyl) amine, di-(2-2'-pyridylethyl) amine, 3-aminopropyl-(2-2'-pyridylethyl) amine, 2-2'-pyridylethyl-(2-pyridylmethyl) amine. and 3-aminopropyl-(2-pyridylmethy1)amine is described. Their infrared and n.m.r. spectral characteristics are described, and their trihydrochlorides and dipicrates have been prepared. The three proton dissociation constants have been rigorously determined in each case by potentiometric titration at 25" and p 0.1 0 in potassium nitrate.ALTHOUGH the synthesis of a number of 2-pyridyl amines and polyamines has been de~cribed,l-~ several new polyamines were required for a planned long-range study of the role of x-bonding4p5 during chelation reactions. These amines, which must satisfy rigid molecular-structure requirements, comprise pairs containing one and two 2-pyridyl groups, respectively. The compounds reported here include di(2-pyridyl-methy1)amine (I), 3-aminopropyl-(2-2'-pyridylethyl)amine (IV), 2-2'pyridylethyl-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (V) , and 3-aminopropyl-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (VI) .Although di-(2-2'-pyridylethyl)amine (111) and 2-aminoethyl-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (11) have been r e p~r t e d ,~,~ they have been synthesized here by different routes, which are reported together with spectra, dissociation constants, derivatives, and other new data.
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